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CHINA > 50s/60s > Flashcards

50s/60s Flashcards

1
Q

2nd 5 year plan aims

A

become major industrial power in record time

catch up w/ britain in 15 years time

self sufficiency

walking on 2 legs

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2
Q

sinosoviet split due to

A

khrushchev stalin speech 56

launching of sputnik

peace coexistence w/ us

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3
Q

when was anti rightist camp

A

1957

big purge of opposition

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4
Q

when did CH plunge to famine

A

59-63

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5
Q

when where there 3 million deaths

A

1960

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6
Q

when was there 170 million tonnes of grain production

A

1955

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7
Q

when was there 143 million grain production

A

1960

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8
Q

when where there worst weather conditions recorded in history

A

59 & 60

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9
Q

when were all soviet advisers withdrawn

A

1960

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10
Q

decentralisation of power

A

ksidi

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11
Q

when was anti hu feng campaign

A

1955

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12
Q

what was anti hu feng camp

A

literary critic

charged w/ being gmd, imprisoned

launched camp to remove his supporters

hu feng elements

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13
Q

what initiated 100 flowers camp

A

debate about pace of economic change

mao wanted to speed up

mao concerned party too bureaucratic

MZT removed from constitution

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14
Q

when was 100 flowers campaign

A

1956

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15
Q

when did mao get approval for flower camp

A

57

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16
Q

whatn was anti rightist camp

A

abandoned flower camp

july attacked

attacked revisionists in party in may

500,000 intells branded rightists

sent to labour camps/county side

wanted u questioning obedience

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17
Q

cult of lei feng

A

wanted to be revolutionary screw that never rusts

represented youthful mao, closer to peeps/youth

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18
Q

LIN BIAO/PLA

A

oleaginous

59 became defense minister

mao thot military both red & expert

pla in SEM werk teams 65

65 mao abolished all ranks in military

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19
Q

jiang qing & kang sheng

A

thot art should promote socialist values

65 mao moved to shanghai, surrounded by shangh radicals

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20
Q

why GLF launched

A

only 3.8% rise in agri production

industrial production to grow/undustrial cities expanded if there was surplus of food

chen & zhou reccomended material incentives rejected

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21
Q

when did mao declare ch’d be producing 40 million tonnes steel by 70s

A

1957

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22
Q

when was steel output 100 million tonnes

A

1958

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23
Q

when was responsibility for oversight of economic planning transferred to CCP from state bureaucracy

A

1958

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24
Q

when was mao not involved in daily policy making

A

1958

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25
Q

when was power struggle between mao & pragmatists

A

early 60s

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26
Q

pragmatists

A

liu shaoqi

deng x

both purged 1967

chen yun

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27
Q

when was conference of 7000 cadres

A

1962

liu speech blaming mao for GLF

dropped out of public view

limited self criticism

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28
Q

when was deng x’s statement cat statement

A

june 62

so long as it catches mouse it is good cat

dc about ideology

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29
Q

when was annual summer conference

A

1962

mao openly criticised liu & deng

mao had to accept their compromises & agreed on rect camp

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30
Q

when did mao issue own 10 point plan

A

1963

liu & deng issued own plans

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31
Q

when was SEM / 4 cleanups movement

A

1963

reintroduce basic socialist values into society

werk teams sent

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32
Q

when was GLF

A

1958 to 1961

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33
Q

when had 100 million peasants opened up 7.8 million hectares of land

A

jan 1958

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34
Q

when was sputnik commune

A

apr 1958

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35
Q

when had 120 million households merged into 26,000 communes

A

dec 1958

99% of rural pop

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36
Q

when were reported grain figures wrong

A

1958 due to anti rightist camp & purge of intells 1957

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37
Q

when were grain figures revised down from 357 to 250 million

A

1958

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38
Q

peoples militia developed

A

je

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39
Q

giant irrigation, terracing & construction projects

A

brought prosperity to infertile regions

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40
Q

when did peng dehuai criticise mao for GLF in lushun conference

thot going too soon too fast

personal letter

A

leading right-opportunist anti-party clique

1959

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41
Q

another purge when

A

1959

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42
Q

four notes camp

A

eradicate pests

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43
Q

backyard furnaces

A

no prwcious wxoerience of iron melting

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44
Q

lysenko agri expert

A

maos 8 point agri constitution

damaged soil

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45
Q

when did chen yun reintroduce intells

A

1959

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46
Q

before CR

A

chen allowed some private land & material incentives

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47
Q

chen recentralisation

A

bird cage theory

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48
Q

up to when pragmas ruling

A

1963

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49
Q

when were all ghost dramas banned

A

1963

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50
Q

when was lunch w/ chen yonggui & slogan in agri learn from dazhai

A

1964

believed in 2 nos principle

notion of self reliance

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51
Q

when did mao accuse liu & deng of running independent kingdoms

A

1965

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52
Q

hai rui dismissed from office written by wu han

A

yao wenyuan attacked it for being anti socialist

peng zhen (mayor of beijing) held responsible w/ liu & deng

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53
Q

culture

A

wenhua

mindset

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54
Q

when was CR

A

1966

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55
Q

when did MAO & allies / shangh radis take over CRG

A

may 1966

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56
Q

when was first large character wall poster (dazibao) displayed at beijing uni

A

1966

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57
Q

when were protests against party leaders spreading from beijing to unis & liu & deng sent work teams who imposed order

A

1966

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58
Q

when did mao swim in yangzi river

A

1966

59
Q

when was CR legitimised at central party meeting & 16 point plan issued

A

august 66

60
Q

when was t square rally w/ 1 million RGs & little red books

A

aug 1966

61
Q

when was rect camp

A

aug 1966

called uni officials scholar tyrants

party over bureaucratic

told RGs to bombard HQs

62
Q

how many provincial officers purged

A

70%

63
Q

66 unis/skools closed RGs free to kill from 5 black categs

A

mao had denounced 4 olds culture, ideas, habits customs

censorship

64
Q

when was party conference & liu & dengs selc criticism

A

oct 1966

65
Q

when was shangh workers revol general HQs set up w/ CRG/Mao & shangh red detachment street battles

A

nov 1966

66
Q

when did wrgh take control of shangh newspaper

A

jan 1967

67
Q

when did mao send zhang & yao to set up political authority in shangh

set up shangh’s peeps commune

free elections

A

mao declared there must be party somehow

mao disbanded it & replaced w/ shangh revol cmtw

68
Q

when was feb crackdown

A

1967

military commanders in sichuan & wuhan armed forces to supress rgs

69
Q

what was feb adverse current

A

backlash against excess of CR

RGs cant travel

70
Q

when did politburo cease to function

power exercised by CRG

A

feb 1967

71
Q

how many killed in RG clashes

A

600 in wuhan

72
Q

when did mao realise PLA could be undermined

A

aug 1967

73
Q

earlier chaos blamed on tiny may 16 group crackdown initiated

A

pla could open fire

& radicals in CRG purged

74
Q

when did cleansing ranks & victs sent to labour camps

A

1968

75
Q

when was rusticatio programme

A

12 million youth sent to werk & learn from country

party cadres sent to may 7th cadre skools

76
Q

when was last of 29 provincial revol cmtes set up

A

sep 1968

77
Q

apr 69 end of CR clear & desicive victory

A

hh

78
Q

when were 80% of cadres purged

A

end of 1969

79
Q

when were jaing q yao & zhang chunqiao elevated to politburo

A

1969

80
Q

when did mao give radics control of centeal cmtes org & propaganda group

A

nov 1970

81
Q

mamagers & techs replaced by revol cmtes so production suffered

A

j

82
Q

workers drawn to political struggles so distracted

A

industrial production fell by 13% in 1967

83
Q

peasants not drawn into revol activity

A

grain production up in 67 & 69

84
Q

when did skools & unis open again

A

1969

85
Q

lost generation

A

couldnt resume education

86
Q

new rural clinics opened & 1968 new rural coop medical scheme extended across all areas

A

j

87
Q

preists , nuns monks subjected to violence & reeducation

A

h

88
Q

public spaces became venues for systemic killings

giangxi 6700 deaths

A

1/3 of homes in beijing entered

89
Q

total death toll of CR

A

850,000

90
Q

8 model plays allowed

A

n

91
Q

lin made efforts to ensure mao kept post of state chairman

A

end of 1970

throwing stones
mixing in sand
digging up cornerstone

92
Q

1971 lin sons arranging coup & plans of setting up rival regime in guangong

A

plans reached zhou & got plane to not refuel

93
Q

when were zhou & pragmas viewed in positive light

zhou restored order in industry

began increased contact w/ western capitalist powers to acquire tech & experts

four modernisations

A

1972

94
Q

when were examinations reintroduced for uni entrance

A

1973

95
Q

9 rads in politburo when

A

1973

96
Q

when was wang hongwen new successor

A

1973

rehabilitated deng

97
Q

when did jiang launch anti-confucius camp

A

1973

zhou

mao supported at 1st

became anothwr factional war

wang closely identified w/ radics

98
Q

when did jiang attack deng at polit meeting

A

oct 1974

99
Q

1975 mao realised wang not fit

A

j

100
Q

when did deng take political control of pla & place on polit

A

jan 1975

continued 4 moderns

101
Q

when were g of 4 forced to make self critics

A

summer 1975

102
Q

mao believed g of 4 attacks on deng

A

thot he was reversing verdict

103
Q

when did mao make clear opposition to dengs policies

A

oct 1975

104
Q

when did zhou die

A

jan 1976

105
Q

zhang ordered article claiming Z capitalist roader

A

sympathy, protests in nanjing & beijing

106
Q

festival of the dead 2 million peeps 1976

A

polit said counter revol incident blamed deng

deng dismissed

hus goefeng appointed successor

107
Q

76

A

mao dies

108
Q

when did nixon come to ch

A

1972

109
Q

when did soviet PM alexei kosygin meet w/ z

A

1969

no agreement reached, no war

110
Q

ping pong diplomacy

us table tennis team

A

71

1st since 49

111
Q

when did advisor kissinger gi to beijing

A

liften ban on trade w/ ch

removed Taiwans seat at UN PRC took

112
Q

4 moderns

A

opening up to foreign invwstment trade & tech

agri defence science tech

113
Q

tech transfer programme

A

rolls royce signed $100 million agreement to built jet engines in 1975

114
Q

case of zhang tiesan promoted against exams

A

too busy werking to study

model revolutionary

115
Q

70s FP

A

supporting n vietnam

debates over support to comm rebels in burma

khmer rouge extremists took over cambodia
millions starved & executed

ch diplomats sharing out little red books & mao badges in kenya & sri lanka

116
Q

border clashes w/ ussr in ussuri river in 1969

3 rd line defences vulnerable so need US as ally

A

h

117
Q

oct 1976 hua ordered arrest of g of 4

A

trial in 1980

118
Q

hua had support of pla & approval of mao

maoism straightjacket

A

j

119
Q

when were hua’s 2 whatevers

A

feb 1977

whatever policy mao decided

120
Q

when was deng restored to his positions in party

A

1977

seek truth from facts

121
Q

when decision about t square incident reversed

A

nov 1978

122
Q

when was 3rd plenum meeting

A

1978

victims of CR rehabbed some put in polit

123
Q

adopted open door policy

A

put competition into ch economy

ogan to get rich is glorious

124
Q

special economic zones

1979 to facilitate cross border trade

A

successful 1984 extended

125
Q

for capitalists encouraged to invest in joint enterprises thru low tax rates & state investment

A

j

126
Q

80s & 90s export trade grew by 500%

A

j

127
Q

90s

A

removed state subsidies exposing enterprises to market forces

many declared bankrupt

128
Q

unemployement

A

n

129
Q

1979-89 ch approved 22,000 for investment projects

A

n

130
Q

amongst cadres 73% had primary education

A

n

131
Q

communes broken up & replaced by xiang smaller collectives
had prod targets
werk unites replaced by household responsibility system
by 1989 90% of households involved

A

k

132
Q

western leaders had contact w/ activists like fang lizhi

A

j

133
Q

student protests in beijing in 1985

A

hefei in 1986 more serious

134
Q

fang lizhi tour of unis 1986

showed state of china

A

j

135
Q

price & rent rises

lay-off from work

harsh working conditions

begging homelessness & strikes, crime

A

n

136
Q

new law meant cadres couldnt stand above law

A

new robust system of supervision

137
Q

military ranks reformed no rep in polit

A

j

138
Q

older cadres retired w/ establishment of central advisory commision

supervisory role

A

j

139
Q

death of leader hu yaobang in 1989 lef to t square protests of 100,000

A

k

140
Q

1986 deng thru weight behind conserv faction

87 movement losing momentum tightening if oress censoship

89 soviet leader gorbachev visited beijing, wolrds media focused on capital
zhao still teying to find peaceful solution

A

d

141
Q

may 1989 d declared martial law

pla moved quarter of million troops in

A

may 89 pla seniors protest martial law

142
Q

new anti corruption camp summer 1989

extended economic reforms after slowing down

A

tensions w/ ussr in early 80s

change of leadership in china 78 & in USSR in 82 renewal of diplomatic contacts

trade agreemnt 86

143
Q

trade agreement w/ japan 78

sino japanese friendship teeaty 78

A

deng visited us 1979

144
Q

91 full trading links w/ US RESTORED

84 signing of sino- british joint declaration
return of hong kong in 97

one nation two systems

ch invaded vietnam in 79

A

large scale commercial involvement in african countries
neocolonialism

PRC joined un in 71

CHINA (3 decks)

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