5.02A Evolutionary Relationships (Honors)

Question 1

gene pool:

Answer 1

is made up of all the alleles present within a population.

Question 2

gene flow:

Answer 2

introduction of outside alleles

Question 3

genetic drift:

Answer 3

when the frequency of a population decreases or increases.

Question 4

sexual selection:

Answer 4

when only specified species types will breed

Question 5

genetic equilibrium:

Answer 5

population stability and consistency in population.

Question 6

Frequency formula:

Answer 6

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

p: the frequency of the dominant allele in the population
p2: representing the percentage of homozygous dominant individuals (such as RR)
2pq: the percentage of the population that is heterozygous (such as Rr). This can happen in two ways, the first parent contributes a dominant allele and the second contributes a recessive allele, or vice versa. This is what the two represents in this portion of the equation
q: the frequency of the recessive allele in the population, with q2 representing the percentage of homozygous recessive individuals (such as rr).

Question 7

Adaptive radiation:

Answer 7

a species migrates to a new environment with a variety of available niches
the extinction of another species allows previously filled niches to become readily available

Question 8

Convergent evolution:

Answer 8

occurs when evolution produces similar structures and characteristics in different, distantly related organisms.