5. Transport Across The Cell Membrane Pt2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Active Transport

A

Movement of substances across the membrane against the concentration gradient. Molecules move from low to high via carrier proteins and require ATP as an energy source.
Carriers:
Ions e.g. sodium and potassium
Bind -> shape change -> release

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2
Q

Define Vesicular Transport

A

Transport across the membrane in vesicles – this is a form of mass transport. Form of active transport because energy is required to move vesicles into or out of a cell.
Two forms:
1. Endocytosis
2. Exocytosis

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3
Q

Define Endocytosis

A

Endocytosis – taking vesicles containing liquids or solids into a cell

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4
Q

Define Exocytosis

A

Exocytosis - when the contents of a vesicle are passed out of a cell

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5
Q

Define Phagocytosis

A
  • Means ‘cell eating’
  • Solid particles are taken into the cell (endocytosis) by the cell membrane folding around the solid particle, forming a vacuole.
  • The vacuole pinches off from the membrane and is suspended in the cell’s cytoplasm.
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6
Q

Define Pinocytosis

A
  • Means ‘cell drinking’
  • Liquid particles are taken into the cell (endocytosis) by the cell membrane folding around the solid particle, forming a vacuole.
  • The vacuole pinches off from the membrane and is suspended in the cell’s cytoplasm
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