5. Solids, liquids + gases Flashcards
What is the formula for pressure
Pressure = force /area
If the area is in m^2 then the pressure is in
PASCALS or n/m2
If area is in cm^2 then the pressure is in
N/cm2
What is the formula for density
Density = mass/volume
How do you find the volume for a regular shape
Volume = height x width x length
What letter represents density
ρ (rho)
How can you calculate the pressure in liquids
P = ρ x g x h Where P = density of the water in pascals (=1000kg/m3) g = the weight of 1kg (=10N/kg) h = depth of water in metres
Water pressure ….. as you go upwards and …. as you go downwards
Decreases
Increases
units of density: mass (kg) goes with
m3
units of density: mass (g) goes with
cm3
formula for pressure difference
Pressure difference = height x density x gravitational field strength
What temperature is absolute zero
0 kelvin (K) = -273*c
How does pressure act in a liquid or gas at rest
equally in all directions
How to work out the force being exerted on an object
force = mass x area
how is the pressure of a gas measured
collisions of gas particles with the side of the container and each other create a force, which averaged over the billions of collisions per second is measured as the pressure fo the gas
how does temperature affect the movement of particles in a gas
- an increase in temperature means the particles have more kinetic energy so move more, increasing the rate of their movement
What is the specific heat capacity
The specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg
of a substance by 1℃ and is measured in Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (J/kg℃).
equation for specific heat capacity
change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
∆ = Q c m ∆ T
