5 revolutions Flashcards
1
Q
Reformation
A
martin luther
monarchy away from Catholic
2
Q
Englightenment
A
If we question god, why no the king?
due process
3
Q
voltaire
A
i do not believe… but i will defend your right to say it
4
Q
Rousseau
A
social contract
leaders are there thanks to the people
5
Q
Locke
A
everyone has the rights to
llive
freedom
property
6
Q
Montesquieu
A
separation of power
no branch should have absolute power
7
Q
nations develop from similarity in?
A
language
religion
social structure
8
Q
Taiping rebellion
A
Chinese christian revolution
Redistribute land to poor
9
Q
Sepoy
A
indian/muslim local soliders
british made touch pork
10
Q
what did the sepoy revolt result in?
A
direct rule by brit in India
11
Q
English civil war:
what did parliament do?
A
limit English monarchy
12
Q
English civil war:
who died with huge debts?
A
elizabeth I
13
Q
Who were William and Mary?
A
Bring back to England
Accept people’s rules (Bill of Rights)
14
Q
Bill of Rights
A
Limit monarch power
due process etc.
Paved way for American Revolution
15
Q
What fuelled American Revolution?
A
Bill of Rights Self-governed Americans serve Brit war Pay for French Indian No taxation w/o rep.
16
Q
Boston Tea Party
A
beginning of 1st and 2nd continental congress
17
Q
Who’s ideas was the declaration of independance based on?
A
Lock’s ideas
Inalienable rights
18
Q
What fueled French Revolution?
A
See American Rev.
Society massively polarized
19
Q
Who started uprising?
A
Burgeois
20
Q
Which of the following inventions was NOT a major factor in aiding European expansion in the nineteenth century?
a. Quinine
b. Breech-loading rifles and machine guns
c. Underwater telegraph
d. Cotton gin
A
d
21
Q
Quinine
A
the drug that fought malaria
22
Q
cotton gin
A
a machine that separated fibers and seeds
23
Q
Which of the following was a major reason for the internal weakness of the Chinese state in the nineteenth century?
a. Its bureaucracy had not kept up with its population growth.
b. Its tax collectors lack effective methods of forcing tax payment.
c. It became too dependent on European imports.
d. Its working class went on strikes too often.
A
a
24
Q
what caused the various chinese uprisings?
A
population growth
food/gov couldnt keep up
25
What was the main force responsible for defeating the Taiping Rebellion in 1864?
a. The Qing Imperial army
b. Western military forces
c. Other rebel groups
d. Private armies of landed gentry
d
26
How devastating was the Taiping conflict relative to other nineteenth-century conflicts in the world?
a. It was ultimately a minor clash.
b. It was a medium-scale affair.
c. It was the worst conflict in Asia during the nineteenth century.
d. It caused the largest loss of life of any conflict in the nineteenth century.
d
| 20-30 million
27
What was the attitude of many China’s Qing dynasty leadership towards the modern, industrialized societies of the West and Japan in the latter half of the nineteenth century?
a. They totally rejected industrialization and modernization.
b. They took cautious and mild measures to adopt some Western innovations.
c. They embarked on a program of total Westernization and modernization.
d. They tried very hard to master Western technology but simply could not.
b
28
Why did Chinese nationalists admire Western ideas such as popular participation in government?
a. They wanted to impress their Western rulers.
b. They had a faddish obsession with anything Western.
c. They believed these ideas could help China unify and fight the West.
d. They were encourage by the results of the Qing reforms and wanted to further these.
c
29
Which of the following Ottoman territories remained under Ottoman control by the early twentieth century?
a. Greece
b. The Balkans
c. Egypt
d. Anatolia
d
30
Anatolia
Turkey
31
Balkans
Bulgaria, Greece, Surbia
32
The reforms initiated by Selim III and continued by later Sultans stirred up long-lasting hostility between which two factions in Ottoman society?
a. The wealthy and the poor
b. Jews and Muslims
c. Islamic modernists and religious conservatives
d. Liberals and conservatives
c
33
What did the "Young Turks" advocate?
a. A renewed war against the West
b. A peaceful, holy land in place of the Ottoman Empire
c. A militantly secular Turkish national state
d. A jihad against all non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire
c
34
Which of the following was NOT an important precondition for Japan's dramatic industrial, economic, and military success after 1868?
a. Growth of urban population
b. Increase in wealth of the merchant class
c. Unification of the various daimyo.
d. High rates of literacy
c
35
What lay at the core of the Japanese program of "defensive modernization"?
a. Its state-guided industrialization
b. Shinto
c. Its educational system
d. Its constitution
a
36
In what way could the Industrial Revolution be seen as a failure, not a success?
a. It did not lead to advances in medicine.
b. It only benefited the wealthy in those societies where it took place.
c. It seriously damaged the environment and traditional cultural heritage.
d. It did not improve the living conditions of the working class in the long run.
c
37
What role did Spain and Portugal play in the second European imperialism?
a. A prominent role
b. About the same as other European powers
c. A minor role
d. None
c
38
What was the fate of decentralized societies that did not have a strong ruler or government under European conquest, such as the small kingdoms and chiefdoms of West Africa?
a. They were easily incorporated into the new European colony.
b. They quickly formed organized central states to deal with the European invaders.
c. They faced protracted, brutal warfare and mass destruction, village by village.
d. They managed to hide to convince Europeans that they were not there anymore.
c
39
Why did Australia, New Zealand, and Hawaii become settler populations, in which Europeans became the vast majority of the population?
a. The weather in these places was highly attractive to European/American settlers.
b. These places were easily accessible from Britain and the United States.
c. These places had never had a lot of people in them.
d. The native population in these places had been decimated by European disease.
d
40
Which of the following best characterizes the response of most Asian and African societies to European conquests in the nineteenth century?
a. The responses covered a wide range from active resistance to accommodation.
b. Most societies accepted their defeat gracefully.
c. Most societies gave in to domination after a short, decisive loss to European forces.
d. Most societies fought long, bloody, asymmetric wars against the European invaders.
a
41
How were such small numbers of Europeans able to govern such huge and populous territories?
a. By reinforcing the power of local rulers and thus earning their loyalty
b. By wiping out most of the local population through disease
c. By building railroads, thus traveling swiftly from place to place
d. By tricking local populations into thinking there were more Europeans than actually were present
a
42
What relationship existed between the number of white settlers and the degree of racial segregation and discrimination in African and Asian colonies?
a. The more white settlers in a colony, the less racial discrimination there was.
b. The more white settlers in a colony, the more racial discrimination there was.
c. The fewer white settlers in a colony, the more racial discrimination there was.
d. The number of white settlers and the amount of racial segregation and discrimination were not linked.
b
43
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of European colonialism for African women?
a. Especially in South Africa, many became heads of impoverished households in the rural areas, as their husbands left for work in the mines or cities.
b. Some in West Africa established themselves as small-scale traders.
c. Under the influence of Christianity, most began to marry later and have smaller families
d. Their domestic workload increased greatly, as men were involved in the modern economy.
c
44
Which of the following best describes the aspirations of many of the European-educated elite members of colonized societies?
a. They hoped to keep their knowledge to themselves.
b. They hoped to use their knowledge to modernize and enlighten their countrymen.
c. They hoped to completely sever all ties between themselves and their ethnic heritage.
d. They hoped only to impress their European masters with their knowledge of Western ways.
b
45
What role did Hindu leaders such as Swami Vivekananda see for Indian spirituality in terms of Western culture?
a. They believed Indian spiritual beliefs would be destroyed by Western materialism.
b. They believed Indian spiritual beliefs could save the West from its own dangerous materialism.
c. They believed Indian spiritual beliefs would co-exist peacefully with Western culture.
d. They believed that Indian spiritual beliefs would outlast the temporary dominance of the West.
b
46
Why did Europeans so often use the notion of "tribe" to describe African societies?
a. The notion conformed to European prejudices and aided colonial governance.
b. The notion was based on a bad translation of a Shona word meaning "village."
c. The notion was meant to give Africans a new sense of hope and belonging.
d. Tribes were the main form of organization in Africa already.
a
47
In what ways did the new category of "tribe" benefit many Africans?
a. It gave them the right to vote.
b. It allowed them to travel wherever they wanted.
c. It gave them a support network when they had to migrate for work.
d. It did not benefit Africans at all, only Europeans.
c
48
T or F
| Louise of France was going to start taxing the nobles
T
49
what was the Tennis Court Oath?
The 3rd estate will revolt!
50
What rumor started the French rev?
the nobles were killing peasants
we must kill them first!
attack Bastille
51
T or F female activists were executed
T
52
where was the Declaration of the rights of Man and Citizen?
France
53
T or F
the american revolution orignated as a conservative, effort to preserve the existing iberties of the colonies; not to create new ones
T
54
what benefits in brit empire
protection
| access to brit market
55
why were the americas dismissed in brits minds?
india was a bigger revenue
56
What rumour started the haitian revolution?
the french king abolished slavery
57
T or F
| the haitian revolution was only between the slaves and the whites
F
| it was between all classes
58
was the haitian rev successful
yes
59
T or F
| the haitian rev had to do with louisiana purchase
T
60
T or F
| the spanish-american rev was the final rev of its time
T
61
CREOL
2nd generation latin americans
62
what made the spanish revolution difficult?
```
catholic government (anti-reform)
strict class division
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