[5] Microbiology of Selected Bacteria and Viruses

Question 1

Humans are what kind of hosts to Arbovirus?

Answer 1

Accidental Hosts

Question 2

What are the Arboviruses with major impact in the Philippines?

Answer 2

Chikungunya Virus

Dengue Virus

Question 3

Arboviruses with major impact in the Philippines EXCEPT:

A. Chikungunya virus 
B. Dengue viruses
C. Japanese B virus 
D. Yellow fever virus

Answer 3

C? Not sure.

Question 4

Describe: Flavivirus

Answer 4

+ Sense
ssRNA
11kb

Question 5

Where does replication occur in a Flavivirus

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Question 6

Vector of Dengue Fever

Answer 6

Aedes aegypti

Aedes albopictus

Question 7

Key pathological feature of dengue hemorrhagic fever

Answer 7

Increased vascular permeability with plasma leakage into interstitial spaces associated with increased levels of vasoactive cytokines

Question 8

When do you take the 1st serum sample in cases of dengue?

When do you take the 2nd sample?

Answer 8

1st: Onset of disease ASAP
2nd: 2-3 weeks after

Question 9

[Treatment]

Dengue Fever

Answer 9

Supportive Treatment

Question 10

[Identify: Leptospira]

Pathogenic Species
Free-living Species

Answer 10

P: Leptospira interrogans

F: Leptospira biflexia

Question 11

How do you make cultures selective for Leptospira?

Answer 11

Addition of neomycin or 5-fluorouracil

Question 12

True of leptospires :

a. Uses long chain fatty acids as source of energy
b. Organic matter for nitrogen source
c. Both
d. Neither

Answer 12

A

Leptospires oxidize long-chain fatty acids as an energy source but use Ammonium salts as a nitrogen source, not organic matter

Question 13

First sample you get from a patient with Leptospirosis

Answer 13

Blood

Question 14

After 7-10 days what sample should you get from a patient with Leptospirosis?

Answer 14

Urine

Question 15

Gold Standard Serologic Test for Leptospira

Answer 15

Microscope Agglutination Test

Question 16

Benefits and Drawbacks of One-point Microcapsule Agglutination Test

Answer 16

B: Simple and quick to use

D: Cannot identify serovars

Question 17

In a LEPTO Dipstick what antibodies are being detected?

Answer 17

IgM Antibodies

Question 18

[Treatment: Leptospirosis]

Mild Leptospirosis

Answer 18

1. Oral Doxycycline
2. Ampicillin
3. Amoxicillin

Question 19

[Treatment: Leptospirosis]

Moderate/Severe Leptospirosis

Answer 19

IV Penicillin/Ampicillin

Question 20

This is an effective prophylaxis for Leptospira interrogans

Answer 20

Doxycycline 200mg