5. Measurements of regional and global disparities Flashcards

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1
Q

Development

A

the use of resources to improve the quality of life in a country.

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2
Q

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

A

the total value of goods and services produced in a country in a year.

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3
Q

Gross National Income (GNI)

A

comprises the total value of goods and services produced within a country (i.e. its GDP), together with its income received from other countries (notably interest and dividends), less similar payments made to other countries.

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4
Q

Gross National Income per capita

A

the GNI of a country divided by its total population.

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5
Q

GNI at purchasing power parity (PPP)

A

here the GNI of a country is converted into US dollars on the basis of how the value of the currency compares with that of other countries.

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6
Q

Development gap

A

the difference in income and the quality of life in general between the richest and poorest countries in the world.

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7
Q

Human Development Index (HDI)

A

a measure of development which combines three important aspects of human well-being: life expectancy, education and income.

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8
Q

Least developed countries (LDCs)

A

the poorest and weakest economies in the developing world as identified by UNCTAD.

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9
Q

Newly industrialised countries (NICs)

A

countries that have undergone rapid and successful industrialisation since the 1960s.

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10
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births.

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11
Q

Education

A

the gradual process of acquiring knowledge, understanding and skills.

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12
Q

Adult literacy rate

A

the percentage of the adult population with basic reading and writing skills.

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13
Q

Sustainable development

A

development that seeks to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.

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14
Q

Malnutrition

A

the condition that develops when the body does not get the right amount of the vitamins, minerals and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy tissues and organ function.

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15
Q

Marginalisation

A

the process of being pushed to the edge of economic activity, of being largely left out of positive economic trends.

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