3. Movement responses - migration Flashcards
Migration
the movement of people across a specified boundary, national or international, to establish a new permanent place of residence. The UN defines ‘permanent’ as a change of residence lasting more than one year.
Voluntary migration
when the individual or household has a free choice about whether to move or not.
Forced migration
forced migration occurs when the individual or household has little or no choice but to move.
Push factors
negative conditions at the point of origin which encourage or force people to move.
Pull factors
positive conditions at the point of destination which encourage people to move.
Internal migration
migration within the same country.
Formal sector
jobs in the formal sector are known to the government department that is responsible for taxation, and to other government offices. Such jobs generally provide better pay and much greater security than jobs in the informal sector.
Informal sector
the part of the economy operating outside of official recognition. Employment is generally low-paid and often temporary and/or part-time in nature.
Refugee
a person who has been forced to leave home and country because of ‘a well-founded fear of persecution’ on account of race, religion, social group or political opinion.
Internally displaced people
as for a refugee, people who are forced to leave their home, but in this case they remains in the same country.
Remittances
money sent back by migrants to their family in the home community.
Diaspora
the dispersal of a people from their original homeland.
Multiplier effect
where an increase in the money supply in a region sets off an upward spiral of development as this money circulates in the economy.
