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MSK Dissections > 5. Knee, Anterior + Lateral Leg > Flashcards

5. Knee, Anterior + Lateral Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

Synovial hinge joint

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2
Q

How many articulations does the knee joint have?

A

3

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3
Q

What ligaments help to stabilise the knee joint?

A

Iliotibial tract
The tibial and fibular collateral ligaments
The cruciate ligaments

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4
Q

What are the menisci?

A

Discs of fibrocartilage that act as shock absorbers + help stabilisation

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5
Q

Where are the menisci thicker?

A

Peripherally where they are attached to the fibrous capsule

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6
Q

What abnormalities of knee alignment are associated with loss of the medial/lateral menisci?

A 
Genu varum (bandy legs)
Genu Valgam (knock knees)
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7
Q

What is the role of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?

A

Prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and hyperextension of the knee joint

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8
Q

How does the ACL pass to attach to the lateral femoral condyle?

A

superiorly, laterally and posteriorly

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9
Q

What is the role of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)?

A

Prevents posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and hyeprflexion of the knee joint

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10
Q

Which lies medially, the ACL or PCL?

A

PCL

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11
Q

How does the PCL pass to attach to the medial femoral condyle?

A

Superiorly and anteriorly

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12
Q

How is the integrity of the cruciate ligaments assessed?

A

The anterior/posterior drawer test

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13
Q

What is the suprapatellar bursa?

A

an extension of the synovial cavity

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14
Q

What is the function of the suprapatellar bursa?

A

Reduces friction on the quadriceps tendon during knee movements

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15
Q

Abnormal fluid in the supra patellar bursa causes swelling. Where is the swelling visible?

A

The lower third of the anterior thigh

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16
Q

How is swelling the suprapatellar bursa clinically detected?

A

The massage test

17
Q

Where does the common fibular nerve divide? What does it divide into?

A

Divides at the fibular neck into the superficial fibular nerve and the deep fibular nerve

18
Q

What does the superficial fibular nerve supply?

A

Muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg and the skin/fascia of the dorsum of the foot

19
Q

What does the deep fibular nerve supply?

A

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg and skin of the first interdigital cleft

20
Q

List the muscles of the anterior leg

A

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Fibularis Tertius

21
Q

What separates the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior intermuscular septum

22
Q

List the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

Fibularis Longus

Fibularis Brevis

23
Q

Where does the distal tendon of fibularis longus pass?

A

Beneath the sole of the foot to reach the base of the 1st metatarsal

MSK Dissections (13 decks)

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