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B1501 > 5. Introduction To Microbiology > Flashcards

5. Introduction To Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is microbiology?

A

The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification.

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2
Q

Other name for Microorganisms?

A

Microbes

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3
Q

What are microorganisms?

A

Minute unicellular/multicellular Organisms that require magnification to be seen

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4
Q

Microbes make up …% of the earths

A

60%

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5
Q

What are the three domains of organisms?

A

Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya

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6
Q

Who established System of Scientific Nomenclature in 1739?

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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7
Q

What is Binomial Nomenclature?

A

Two names that classify an organism by Genus and Species name.

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8
Q

What is the importance of Microbiology?

A

Contribute to the recycling and decomposition of essential elements and production of food, beverage, antibiotic and vitamins.

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9
Q

What is biotechnology?

A

Manipulation of microbes for industrial production.

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10
Q

What is Genetic Engineering?

A

Production of genetically modified organisms.

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11
Q

What is Recombinant DNA Technology?

A

Technology used to produce genetically modified organisms.

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12
Q

What is Bioremediation?

A

Restoration of environmental stability and cleanliness by microbes.

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13
Q

What are saprotrophs?

A

Living organisms that live & feed on dead decaying organisms.

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14
Q

What is a parasite?

A

Organisms that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host.

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15
Q

What is a obligate parasite?

A

Parasitic organism that is unable to complete its life cycle without exploitation of a suitable host.

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16
Q

What is a Pathogen?

A

Infectious organisms that can cause disease.

17
Q

What is a microscope?

A

Device used to view very small objects

18
Q

What are culture techniques?

A

Methods of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in a predetermined culture medium under controlled lab condition.

19
Q

What is the Molecular Genetics?

A

The study of the differences in the structures of DNA molecules among organisms.

20
Q

What is genomics?

A

Study of the genome of an organism

21
Q

What is the theory of Spontaneous Generation?

A

A living organism can arise from non-living matter and that such processes were regular in nature.

22
Q

Who was Spontaneous Generation originally concluded by?

A

Aristotle and other Greek philosophers

23
Q

Who concluded Spontaneous Generation?

A

Aristotle and other Greek philosophers

24
Q

Who concluded Spontaneous Generation?

A

Aristotle and other Greek philosophers

25
Q

What did Francesco Redi do?

A

Discredited spontaneous generation by concluding that maggots on decaying meat came from fly eggs, not from non-living matter.

26
Q

What did John Needham contribute towards the Spontaneous generation theory?

A

Concluded microbes arise spontaneously by a vital life force.

27
Q

What was John Needham’s experiment?

A

Observed that boiled broth infused with plant and animal matter in a sealed flask had become cloudy and contained numerous microbes

28
Q

What did Lazard Spallanzani contribute to spontaneous generation?

A

Conducted John Needham’s experiment in better conditions and resulted in no bacterial growth.

This did not discredit Spontaneous Generation as it was claimed the heating conditions set destroyed the ability to support life.

29
Q

What did Louis Pasteur contribute to spontaneous generation.

A

Disproved Spontaneous Generation.

Proved air is filled with microbes by cotton filtering it.

Placed nutrient solution in swan neck flask, boiled it while exposed to air, thus resulting in no microbial growth.

30
Q

What is Pasteurisation?

A

The process of heating and the rapidly cooling liquids or food to kill microbes that may expedite their spoilage/ cause disease.

31
Q

Who is Robert Koch?

A

Man who postulated😹

32
Q

What are Kochs Postulates?

A

The microbe being observed must be present in contaminated cases and absent from healthy organisms.

Isolate specific microorganisms and grow in pure culture.

The same disease must result result when microbe is inoculated into a healthy host.

Isolate same microbe again from diseased host.

B1501 (6 decks)

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