5. Introduction To Microbiology

Question 1

What is microbiology?

Answer 1

The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification.

Question 2

Other name for Microorganisms?

Answer 2

Microbes

Question 3

What are microorganisms?

Answer 3

Minute unicellular/multicellular Organisms that require magnification to be seen

Question 4

Microbes make up …% of the earths

Answer 4

60%

Question 5

What are the three domains of organisms?

Answer 5

Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya

Question 6

Who established System of Scientific Nomenclature in 1739?

Answer 6

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 7

What is Binomial Nomenclature?

Answer 7

Two names that classify an organism by Genus and Species name.

Question 8

What is the importance of Microbiology?

Answer 8

Contribute to the recycling and decomposition of essential elements and production of food, beverage, antibiotic and vitamins.

Question 9

What is biotechnology?

Answer 9

Manipulation of microbes for industrial production.

Question 10

What is Genetic Engineering?

Answer 10

Production of genetically modified organisms.

Question 11

What is Recombinant DNA Technology?

Answer 11

Technology used to produce genetically modified organisms.

Question 12

What is Bioremediation?

Answer 12

Restoration of environmental stability and cleanliness by microbes.

Question 13

What are saprotrophs?

Answer 13

Living organisms that live & feed on dead decaying organisms.

Question 14

What is a parasite?

Answer 14

Organisms that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host.

Question 15

What is a obligate parasite?

Answer 15

Parasitic organism that is unable to complete its life cycle without exploitation of a suitable host.

Question 16

What is a Pathogen?

Answer 16

Infectious organisms that can cause disease.

Question 17

What is a microscope?

Answer 17

Device used to view very small objects

Question 18

What are culture techniques?

Answer 18

Methods of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in a predetermined culture medium under controlled lab condition.

Question 19

What is the Molecular Genetics?

Answer 19

The study of the differences in the structures of DNA molecules among organisms.

Question 20

What is genomics?

Answer 20

Study of the genome of an organism

Question 21

What is the theory of Spontaneous Generation?

Answer 21

A living organism can arise from non-living matter and that such processes were regular in nature.

Question 22

Who was Spontaneous Generation originally concluded by?

Answer 22

Aristotle and other Greek philosophers

Question 23

Who concluded Spontaneous Generation?

Answer 23

Aristotle and other Greek philosophers

Question 24

Who concluded Spontaneous Generation?

Answer 24

Aristotle and other Greek philosophers

Question 25

What did Francesco Redi do?

Answer 25

Discredited spontaneous generation by concluding that maggots on decaying meat came from fly eggs, not from non-living matter.

Question 26

What did John Needham contribute towards the Spontaneous generation theory?

Answer 26

Concluded microbes arise spontaneously by a vital life force.

Question 27

What was John Needham’s experiment?

Answer 27

Observed that boiled broth infused with plant and animal matter in a sealed flask had become cloudy and contained numerous microbes

Question 28

What did Lazard Spallanzani contribute to spontaneous generation?

Answer 28

Conducted John Needham’s experiment in better conditions and resulted in no bacterial growth. This did not discredit Spontaneous Generation as it was claimed the heating conditions set destroyed the ability to support life.

Question 29

What did Louis Pasteur contribute to spontaneous generation.

Answer 29

Disproved Spontaneous Generation. Proved air is filled with microbes by cotton filtering it. Placed nutrient solution in swan neck flask, boiled it while exposed to air, thus resulting in no microbial growth.

Question 30

What is Pasteurisation?

Answer 30

The process of heating and the rapidly cooling liquids or food to kill microbes that may expedite their spoilage/ cause disease.

Question 31

Who is Robert Koch?

Answer 31

Man who postulated😹

Question 32

What are Kochs Postulates?

Answer 32

The microbe being observed must be present in contaminated cases and absent from healthy organisms. Isolate specific microorganisms and grow in pure culture. The same disease must result result when microbe is inoculated into a healthy host. Isolate same microbe again from diseased host.