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massage > 5. integumentary system (skin) > Flashcards

5. integumentary system (skin) Flashcards

1
Q

produce sebum and prevent evaporation

oil glands

A

sebaceous gland

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2
Q

sweat glands

evaporate removes large quantities of heat

A

sudoriferous gland

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3
Q

nerve ending allow us to feel touch and pressure

A

Merkel cell

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4
Q

part of hair that is seen outside of the body

A

hair shaft

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5
Q

contains cells that produce hair

A

hair follicle

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6
Q

(90% of epidermis)

make keratin, a tough fibrous protein.
protect skin from damage, microbes, chemicals, provide water resistance

A

keratinocytes

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7
Q

contains DNA

A

hair root

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8
Q

contain mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes.

composed of dead or degenerating keratinocytes.

secrete a fatty lipid substance used for waterproofing skin

continuously flakes off. may be seen as dandruff.

contain an extra layer in finger tips, soles of feet and palms.

A

top 3 layers of epidermis

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9
Q

stratum spinosum, germinativum (basale) layers of the dermis.

contains stem cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes and Merkel cells

A

bottom 2 layers of epidermis

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10
Q

caused “goose bumps” and makes hair stand up when you are cold

A

attrector pilli

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11
Q

nerves that detect movement of hair

A

plexus

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12
Q

contains cells that make new hair

A

follicle

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13
Q

long part of the hair (that you can see)

A

shaft

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14
Q

newest part of the hair (inside your skin) and contains DNA

A

root

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15
Q

distal part of the nail (the part that you cut)

A

body

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16
Q

cells that produce new nail tissue

A

matrix

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17
Q

thickest part of the nail, so it looks whiter

A

lunula

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18
Q

the newest part of the nail

A

root

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19
Q

low tissue oxygen levels turns skin blue

A

cyanosis

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20
Q

white skin due to lack of blood flow or vasoconstriction of blood vessels

A

pallor

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21
Q

absorbs UV light, offers some protection against radiation damage

A

melanin

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22
Q

dark areas of skin due to excess melanin production

A

freckles/ age spot

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23
Q

genetic defect, missing protein converting enzyme, can’t make melanin

A

albinism

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24
Q

excessive growth of melanocytes in epidermis (stratum basale layer)

A

mole

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25
Q

pigment found in red blood cells, turns them red

A

heme

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26
Q

made from vitamin A(stored in fat tissue, turns skin orange)

A

carotene

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27
Q

yellow skin, commonly due to liver disease or by an immature liver (newborns)

A

jaundice

28
Q

what type connective tissue is subcutaneous layer of skin made of

A

adipose tissue

29
Q

caused by bacteria

hair follicle and oil gland infection in teens.

A

acne

30
Q

fungal infection between toes

cancer caused by UV exposure

contagious

A

athlete’s foot

31
Q

caused by bacteria, staph infection in dermis or hair follicle causing raised painful red swollen area containing dead cells.

A

boils

32
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

caused by bleeding under skin

A

bruise

33
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

burn that causes redness, heals in 2 days

A

burns- 1st degree

34
Q

burn that causes blister, heals in 1-4 weeks

cancer caused by UV exposure

A

burns - 2nd degree

35
Q

burn that destroys skin, nerves, vessels. charred

cancer caused by UV exposure

A

burns -3rd degree.

36
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

most commons type of cancer

surface

A

cancer:basal cell

37
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

cancer caused by tobacco usage

surface

A

cancer: squamous cell

38
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

most malignant type of cancer

deep

A

cancer: melanoma

39
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

bacterial infection of (subcutaneous) skin, entry through wound.

caused by bacteria

A

cellulitis

40
Q

caused by allergies reaction of skin due to direct contact with allergen. (poison ivy)

cancer caused by UV exposure

A

contact dermatitis

41
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

caused by excessive friction on skin

A

corn/calluses

42
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

caused by prolonged pressure on skin

A

decubitus ulcers

43
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

inflammatory, red, watery, crusting, itch/burning

A

eczema

44
Q

caused by bacteria

inflamed, infected hair follicles (shaving)

A

folliculitis

45
Q

caused by viruses

cancer caused by UV exposure

contagious

causes cold sores, triggered by UV, stress

A

herpes simplex

46
Q

caused by insects.

cancer caused by UV exposure

“wheals” red swollen patches, allergy related

A

hives

47
Q

caused by bacteria

contagious parasitic insect infection usually in hair. (“crabs”-public hair)

A

lice

48
Q

patches of thick red flaky skin, dry, silvery scales.

chronic skin inflammation.
not contagious.

A

psoriasis

49
Q

fungal infection raised red ringed patch on skin

cancer caused by UV exposure

contagious

caused by fungl

A

ringworm

50
Q

chronic inflammation of blood vessels and hair follicles.

red swollen middle part of face

A

rosacea

51
Q

invisible mites burrow under skin, intense itch

caused by insects

contagious

cancer caused by UV exposure

A

scabies

52
Q

autoimmune, excessive connective tissue production

cancer caused by UV exposure

“hard skin”

A

scleroderma

53
Q

reactivation of herpes zoster. painful, itchy,blistered, red, unilateral rash on skin.

caused by viruses

contagious if have not had chicken pox.

A

shingles

54
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

“planter’s warts”
causes by viruses
infection caused a thicken/raised area on skin or mucus membranes.

contagious

A

warts

55
Q

cancer caused by UV exposure

caused by excessive friction in skin

A

skin tags

56
Q

used to deliver medications through skin
(nicotine, hormones)

stay 2inches away from them.

A

transdermal patches

57
Q

asymmetry- not round

border : irregular edge, uneven border

color: uneven color, different shades or darker than other moles in same area
diameter: often bigger than 1/4 inch (pencil eraser)
elevated: rasied or bumpy (common moles are smooth)

fast growing: common moles do not noticeably grow.

A

6 signs of malignant/ skin cancer

58
Q

“bed sore”

pressure causes reduce blood supply to the point that skin cells DIE!!
seen in bedridden patients, casts or wheel chairs.

common see at site of BONY projections (elbows, ankles, buttocks)

A

decubitus ulcers

59
Q

bacterial infection causing raised, fluid filled sores that itch/burn.

contagious infection of skin in kids, mouth, nose and hands
thru contaminated objects, linens, surfaces.

A

impetigo

60
Q

“dandruff”

dry scaly epithelial skin tissue

A

seborrheic dermatitis

61
Q

small, fluid filled areas under the skin filled with sebum and dead skin cells, mobile; can get infected.

A

sebaceous cysts

cysts:a fluid filled bag

62
Q

sweat gland, coolant. odor free.

A

eccrine

63
Q

excessive hair due to excess androgen hormone.

A

hirsutism

64
Q

hormones that promote hair growth.

A

androgen

65
Q

makes new skin cells

A

basal cells.

66
Q

sweat glands, caused odor.

A

apocrine

67
Q

(not found in palms or soles of feet.) (too slippery)

waterproof, inhibit microbe growth.

A

oil glands

massage (12 decks)

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