5 - Information Processing and Situational Awareness Flashcards
What are the 3 stages of information processing?
Attending, processing, storage
What technique do we use to spend attention on multiple tasks at once?
Time sharing
What happens to the ability to time share when stress is increased or over concentration/saturation occurs ?
Load shedding, the ability to time share is reduced
What influences the amount of simulation that can be perceived correctly?
Expectation and experience
What 2 issues can arise when pattern matching occurs incorrectly?
Illusions
Hallucinations
What are hallucinations? Example?
False perception of something that is not actually there.
e.g. Engine sounding different over open water
What are illusions? Example?
False perception due to misinterpretation of the stimuli
e.g. False horizons, other optical illusions
What is expectation bias?
When information blanks are filled in based on prior experience/expectations to understand incomplete messages or information
What is availability heuristic?
When workload is high information that is most readily available is utilised rather than what is most accurate or reliable
What is confirmation bias?
Where we emphasis information that supports mindset and disregard information that doesn’t
What is cognitive dissonance?
The state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes especially in regard to behaviour or attitude change
e.g. smoker knows smoking is bad for them but still does it, conformation bias helps feed this cycle
How many items can remain in the working memory at once? What can reduce it?
7-9, reduces under stress, fatigue, or distraction
What are the types of long term memory?
Implicit (motor)
Explicit (Episodic or semantic)
What are implicit memories?
Motor skills
Difficult to teach, require repetition
e.g. riding a bike, flying a plane
What are semantic memories?
information stored in words and numbers (e.g. checklists, v speeds)
