[5] Immunomodulators and Anti-Neoplastics

Question 1

Define: Contact Inhibition

Answer 1

Once two normal cells come into contact, division stops thus only leading to 1 layer of cells

Question 2

Most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene

Answer 2

p53

Question 3

Examples of Cytotoxic Alkylating Agents

Answer 3

Cisplatin

Oxaliplatin

Question 4

[Mechanism of Action]

Cisplatin

Answer 4

Forms platinum complexes

Question 5

Anti-Metabolites are Cell-cycle specific at what phase?

Answer 5

S-Phase

Question 6

Uracil is mimicked by what metabolite?

Answer 6

Fluorouracil

Question 7

3 Classes of Anti-Metabolites

Answer 7

Methotrexate
Purine Antagonist
Pyrimidine Antagonist

Question 8

[Mechanism of Action]

Methotrexate

Answer 8

Mimics folic acid, prevents conversion of folic acid to active tetrahydrofolic acid via dihydrofolic reductase

Question 9

Antidote for Methotrexate

Answer 9

Leucovorin

Question 10

Classification of 6-Thiopurine

Answer 10

Purine Antagonist

Question 11

6-Thiopurine is an analogue of?

Answer 11

Hypoxanthine

Question 12

[Mechanism of Action]

6-Thiopurine

Answer 12

Nucleotide formation by hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase

Inhibition of purine synthesis and incorporation into nucleic acid

Question 13

Classification of 5-Fluorouracil

Answer 13

Pyrimidine Antagonist

Question 14

5-Fluoruracil decreases which base’s production?

Answer 14

Thymidine

Question 15

Antibiotics are cell cycle non-specific, but tend to arrest cells at this phase

Answer 15

G2 Phase

Question 16

Tamoxifen is used for?

Answer 16

Estrogen-positive Breast Cancer

Question 17

1st monoclonal antibody for cancer

Answer 17

Rituximab

Question 18

What are the therapeutic goals of chemotherapy?

Answer 18

Cure
Palliation
Adjuvant

Question 19

Which anti-neoplastic/s are S Phase specific?

Answer 19

Anti-metabolites

Question 20

Which anti-neoplastic/s are G2 Phase specific?

Answer 20

Bleomycin

Question 21

Which anti-neoplastic/s are M Phase specific?

Answer 21

Vinca alkaloid

Question 22

Which anti-neoplastic agents are cell cycle non-

specific?

Answer 22

Alkylating Agents

Antibiotics

Question 23

What enzyme is inhibited by 5-fluoruracil?

Answer 23

Thymidylate synthase

Question 24

What enzyme activates 6 mercaptopurine and

azathipurine?

Answer 24

Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyl Transferase

Question 25

What is the mechanism of action of actinomycin D?

Answer 25

DNA Intercalation

Question 26

What can prevent hemorrhagic cystitis during cyclophosphamide therapy?

Answer 26

Mesna

Question 27

What is the adverse effect in the lungs of commonly encountered bisulfan and bleomycin therapy?

Answer 27

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 28

What is the mechanism of action of Tamoxifen?

Answer 28

Blocks binding of estrogen to estrogen receptor-positve cells

Question 29

What is the most significant effect of doxorubicin

and danorubicin?

Answer 29

Cardiotoxicity

Question 30

What monoclonal antibody acts against HER-2 in

breast cancer cells?

Answer 30

Trastuzumab