5. Immunizations & Travelers Flashcards
What organization approves vaccine indications based on safety/efficacy?
FDA
What organization provides recommendations for vaccine administration?
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
What organization approves vaccine admin recommendations and what resources do they publish?
CDC
Publish Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report and The Pink Book
What are Vaccine Information Statemnts (VIS)? Who prepares them?
Comprehensive handout on vaccines to be given to patients PRIOR to administration
Provided by the CDC
What is the medical term for antibody?
Immunoglobulin (Ig)
What are some example of PASSIVE immunity?
Igs passed from mother to child
IVIG infusions
Name the 5 categories of INACTIVATED vaccine
Polysaccharide (avoid in <2 yo)
Conjugate (better in infants)
Recombinant
Toxoid
mRNA
Name the most common LIVE vaccines (7)
MMR
Intranasal flu (FluMist)
Cholera
Rotavirus
Oral Typhoid
Varicella
Yellow fever
MICROVY
How does INCREASING the interval between doses in a series affect immunity? How does DECREASING affect immunity?
Increased interval: delay in complete protection
Decreased interval: interferes with antibody response, not recommended
Live vaccines are avoided in what age group? What live vaccine is the exception?
Children < 1 year
Rotavirus is the exception, given to infants
What is the interval between the two doses of MMR?
3 to 11 months
What inactivated vaccine is given at BIRTH?
Hepatitis B
If a patient wants to get the PPD test and a live vaccine, what options for administration are there? (3)
- Give live vaccine and PPD on the same day
- Give live vaccine, wait 4 weeks then give PPD
- Give PPD, wait ≥24 hrs then give live vaccine
Multiple live vaccines can be given _______ or ________ (timing)
Live vaccines can be given on the same day or 4 weeks apart
How much time between antibody-containing infusions (IVIG, blood transfusions) and live vaccines is required (Ab -> vaccine AND vaccine -> Ab)
Ab -> 3 months -> vaccine
Vaccine -> 2 weeks -> Ab
Patients should be monitored for how long post-administration of vaccines for AEs? If an AE requiring assistance occurs, where should it be reported?
Must monitor for 15 minutes
If AE occurs = report to VAERS (FDA’s Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting Service)
Live vaccines may cause mild systemic reactions for up to ____ days
21
Minor allergic reactions to vaccines may be treated with ____ or _____
Diphenhydramine or hydroxyzine
