5. Gene structure and organisation Flashcards
1
Q
Genes in Prokaryotes:
A
size of gene= size of protein it encodes
2
Q
Genes in Eukaryotes
A
size of genes varies more, with introns that don’t encode for protein + are spliced out at mRNA stage
3
Q
Types of genes
A
Housekeeping genes—expressed all the time
Inducible genes—expressed in response to specific stimuli
Tissue/ cell specific genes—only expressed in particular cell class
4
Q
Genetic code properties
A
-has start and stop codons
-nearly universal
-ordered, non-overlapping, made of nucleotide triplets, degenerate
5
Q
Alternate splicing of mRNA
A
-different exons are joined together
-can produce protein isoforms from a single gene
6
Q
Oligonucleotide:
A
short nucleic acid molecule
7
Q
Transcription factors
A
A protein that binds DNA to RNA polymerase, allows making of RNA
