3: Replication of DNA Flashcards

1
Q

3 possible models of DNA replication

A

Conservative, semi-conservative, dispersive

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2
Q

Who proved the semiconservative model?
And how?

A

Meselson and Stahl.
The use of Nitrogen isotopes(14 and 15).

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3
Q

Replication origins

A

Prokaryotes have one replication origin + 2 replication forks in different directions and Eukaryotes have multiple origins due to the size and length of DNA

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4
Q

Direction of replication

A

New DNA strand made from 5’ to 3’, as DNA polyermerase can only synthesize in one direction

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5
Q

What enzymes are needed in DNA replication?

A

DNA helicase: unwind parental double helix
Topoisomerase: helps unwind the two strands of DNA
Primase: synthesis of RNA primer
DNA pol III: synthesize the leading strand and Okazaki fragments from 5’ to 3’
DNA pol I: exonuclease activity in both directions
DNA ligase: ligate gaps between adjacent Okazaki fragments

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6
Q

Causes of mutations

A

Insertion/ deletion, point mutation(substitution)

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