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APGAP > 5 Federaism and Political Culture > Flashcards

5 Federaism and Political Culture Flashcards

1
Q

Federalism

A

Sharing of power between the national govt + states

  • states: police
  • fed: defense, economy
  • denied: taxation
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2
Q

Unitary system

A

A system where the central govt has all of the power over subnational govt
Ex: UK, China, Iran

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3
Q

Confederal systems

A

System where the subnational govt have most of the power
Ex: US, Switzerland

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4
Q

Federal systems

A

System where power is divided between the national + state govt
Ex: US, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia

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5
Q

Enumerated/expressed powers

A

Powers explicitly granted to the ngl govt through constitution

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6
Q

Exclusive powers

A

Powers only the ngl govt may exercise
Ex: coin money, declare war, raise + support army/navy, make treaties, naturalization

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7
Q

Implied powers

A

Authority of the fed govt that goes beyond its expressed powers (powers not granted specifically to ngl govt but considered necessary to carry out enumerated powers)

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8
Q

Commerce Clause

A

Grants Congress the authority to regulate interstate business/commerical acitvity

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9
Q

Necessary + proper clause (elastic)

A

Allows Congress the ability to make laws or to act where the constitution doesn’t give it authority to act

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10
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

Constitutional provision declaring that the Constitution and al national laws + treaties are the supreme law os the land

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11
Q

10th amendment

A

Reserves powers not delegated to the national govt to the states and the people (basis of federalism)

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12
Q

Reserved powers

A

Powers not given to the ngl govt (retained by the states + people
Ex: policy powers

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13
Q

Concurrent powers

A

Powers granted to both states + fed govt in constitution

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14
Q

Full faith + credit clause

A

Constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records, + civil court proceedings from another state
Ex: diff marriage license

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15
Q

Extradition

A

The requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where the crime was committed

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16
Q

Privileges and immunities clause

A

Prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state
Ex: (fake) Disney charging non Floridians more for tickets

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17
Q

Dual federalism

A

Layer cake
- separate, distinct roles

18
Q

Cooperative federalism

A

Marble cake
-overlapping, flexible role

19
Q

Fiscal Federalism

A

Federal funds allocated to lowers level f govt through payments/grants

20
Q

Categorical grants

A

Strings attached

21
Q

Block grants

A

Specific policy area but states have discretion

22
Q

Grant Revenue sharing (GRS)

A

No strings attached *rare

23
Q

Coercive Federalism

A

Fed govt pressures states to change policy using regulation, mandates + conditions (air, drinking)

24
Q

Federal preemption

A

Impositions of ntl priorities on states through ngl legislation that is based on the constitutions surprenant clause (NCLB, ACA)

25
Q

Reserved powers

A

Power not given to the ngl govt (retained by the state + people)
Ex; police powers

26
Q

Concurrent powers

A

Powers granted to other states + federal govt in the constitution

27
Q

Full faith + credit clause

A

Constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records + civil court proceedings from another state
Ex: diff marriage license

28
Q

Extradition

A

The requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where the crime was committed

29
Q

Privileges and immunities clause

A

Prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state
Ex: high taxes for out of state

30
Q

13th amendment

A

Outlaws slavery

31
Q

14th amendment

A

Persons born in the US are citizens of+ states denying person due process/equal protection

32
Q

15h amendment

A

AA can vote

33
Q

Grants-in-aid

A

Federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives

34
Q

Unfounded mandates

A

Federal requirements the states must follow w/o being provided w/funding
Ex: disabilities act

35
Q

Individualism

A

Individuals should be left on their own from the govt

36
Q

Equal opportunity

A

Everyone should have a fair chance to succeed
*Avg person is able to influence govt decision making + social status is based on effort

37
Q

Free enterprise

A

Economic system: as a little as possible government interference in transactions of citizens and businesses
* govt shapes some decisions like taxation, spending, and regulation

38
Q

Rule of law

A

No one is above the law; including public officials
*checks + balances

39
Q

Limited govt

A

Govt is limited in order to prevent them from taking away rights + liberties —> based on public support

40
Q

Needs-based Assistance

A

Assistance from govt to help those in poverty
*funded through fed and/or state tax revenues than payroll taxes

APGAP (7 decks)

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