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OB GYNE 4 > 5 Endocrine Disorders > Flashcards

5 Endocrine Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the other name for Type 1 diabetes (advanced disease)?

A

Juvenile Diabetes

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2
Q

Type 1 is _____ controlled

A

Insulin

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3
Q

Concerns with Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy

A

Growth factos
poor vascularization to placenta
Increased resistance at placental bed

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4
Q

Diabetes Type 1 is a ______ abnormality

A

Congenital

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5
Q

What disrupts organogenesis

A

Hyperglycemia

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6
Q

What are the MOST COMMON DEFETS in Diabetes Type 1

A

Cardaic defects

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7
Q

What are the OTHER defects in Diabetes Type 1 (6)

A 
Skeletal (caudal dysplasia sequence)
CNS
Renal
GI
IUGR
Macrosomia
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8
Q

Mothers with Type 1 diabetes has a history of (4)

A

Spontaneous abortions
IUGR
Intrauterine deaths-stillbirths
Neonatal deaths

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9
Q

The most severe form of caudal regression syndrome

A

Sirenomelia aka Mermaid syndrome

sacral agenesis, lower thoracis spine agenesis, hypoplastic femurs, VACTERL

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10
Q

Type 1 diabetes and _______ intolerance is critical to control in ______ pregnancy

A

glucose; early

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11
Q

Controlling glucose in early pregnancy decreases the risk of?

A

congenital abnormalities

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12
Q

If glucose levels are elevated in later pregnancy can result in

A 
Macrosomia
Anoxia due to pre-clampsia
IUGR
Primary fetal hazard
stillbirth
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13
Q

Type 2 and Gestational diabetes can be ____ or ___ controlled

A

Insulin or Diet

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14
Q

Risk Factors of Type 2 and Gestational diabetes

A 
Polyhydramnios
excessive weight gain
macrocosmic infants shoulder dystocia
Nerve damage 
pre-clampsia
Fetal deaths
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15
Q

When is a maternal glucose screen performed?

A

24-28 weeks

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16
Q

What value of glucose is abnormal

testing for intolerance only

A

> 7.8 mmol/L

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17
Q

GCT test you’re given __mg of glucose and maternal blood is testes __ hours after

A

50; 1

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18
Q

GTT test you’re given __mg of glucose and maternal blood is testes __ hours after

A

100; 1, 2 & 3

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19
Q

When is a GTT (glucose tolerance test) warranted

A

if the GCT test (glucose challenge test) is over 7.8-11 mmol/L

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20
Q

What does it mean if the GCT test is >11.1 m mol/L

A

Gestational diabetes

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21
Q

Sonographic features in GDM

A

Extra views for LGA fetus

22
Q

Fetal subcutaneous fat measurement should be?

A

< 3mm

23
Q

Interventricular septum thickness should be?

A

< 5mm

24
Q

Hyperthyroidism (from graves disease) may cause: (3)

A

Goiter
Spontaneous abortion
congenital anomalies

25
Q

With Hypothyroidism is rare in pregnancy as these people …

A

cant conceive

26
Q

What are 3 Hematologic Disorders?

A
  1. Rh Isoimmunization - immunie hydrops
  2. Sickle cell anemia
  3. Heterozygous Thalassemia- hydrops
27
Q

What test is done for maternal management of Hemolytic disease

A

Coombs Test

28
Q

What are 2 types of Coombs tests

A
  1. Direct

2. Indirect

29
Q

What is a Direct Coombs test?

A

not common detects antibodies that stuck to surface of RBC (fetus cord blood)

30
Q

What is an indirect coobs test

A

detects antibodies that are free floating in the blood

more common and test is from the mother

31
Q

What are Rh- mothers given an injection of?

A

RhD immune globulin

32
Q

When are Rh- mothers given the injection?

A

28-32 weeks and again after delivery (within 72 hours)

33
Q

What will the injection (RhoGAM or WINRho) prevent?

A

antibodies forming in the mother

34
Q

Other reasons to administor WINrho in Rh- patients

A 
Spontaneous abortion (72 hours)
Therapeutic abortion
Ectopic pregnancy 
After an AMNIOCENTESIS 
maternal hemorrhage, vaginal bleeding in pregnancy

(never give WINRho to a Rh+ mother)

35
Q

A routine ___ and ___ is performed in fetal assessments with Rh disease

A

BPP; biometry

36
Q

With Rh disease sonography assess for (3)

A

Anemia
ascites (echogenic bowel)
pleural and pericardial effusion

37
Q

Doppler of the ___ is performed in Rh disease

A

MCA

38
Q

A PSV of the MCA >__m/s = ____ in the fetus

A

1 ; severe anemia

39
Q

MCA >1 m/s would require?

A

a blood transfusion

40
Q

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an…?

A

Inherited autosomal recessive disease

41
Q

The diet provides this amino acid (Phenylketonuria) is acquired through ingestion of

A

protein (milk, eggs and some artificial sweeteners)

42
Q

Women should follow a ___ Phenylketonuria diet

A

low.

due to toxic levels of metabolic products

43
Q

Phenylketonuria results in (6)

A 
Microcephaly
Mental retardation
CHD
Low birth rates
Behavioural problems 
spontaneous abortion
44
Q

What is a common infection in pregnancy

A

UTI’s

45
Q

What can UTI’s cause

A

Pre-term labour

46
Q

What can maternal obesity cause in mother?

A

Diabetes

Hypertension

47
Q

What can maternal obesity have an increased incidence of in pregnancy

A

1 Multiples

  1. UTIs
  2. Uterine Fibroids (grow with estrogen)
48
Q

What is excessive vomiting in pregnancy called?

A

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

49
Q

What can Hyperemesis Gravidarum cause in mother

A

deyhydration

electrolyte imbalance

50
Q

What is sonography used to rule out with Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A

TWINS

Trophoblasic disease

51
Q

What is LUPUS

A

Systemic autoimmune disease that occurs when your body’s immune system attacks your own tissues and organs.

OB GYNE 4 (11 decks)

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