(5) Demography - Migration

Question 1

Define Migration, Immigration and Emigration

Answer 1

MIGRATION - the Movement of People from Place to Place
IMMIGRATION - Movement Into a Society
EMMIGRATION - Movement Out

Question 2

Explain MIGRATION and PUSH and PULL Factors

Answer 2

Migration OCCURS BECAUSE of PUSH and PULL Factors
- PUSH Factors may be : - Escaping Poverty, Lack of Jobs and Employment, Wars
- PULL FACTORS - Better Opportunities for Jobs, Study, Higher Standard of Living, Better Healthcare and Education, More Political Freedom

Question 3

State the 3 IMPACTS of MIGRATION on UK POPULATION STRCUTRES

Answer 3

1. Population Size
2. Age Structure
3. Dependency Ratio

Question 4

Explain the Impact of Migration on UK Population Structures - POPULATION SIZE

Answer 4

• Most Immigrants Tend to be Working and Childbearing ages
• has Given a Recent Boost To the Resident Population At these Ages and to Number of Births that Result as People Build Lives and Start Families
• the Number of Children in First-Gen Migrant Families may More Closely Reflect Birth and Fertility Rates in Countries from which they Left, But this May be Higher or Lower than Fertility in UK

Question 5

Explain the Impact of Migration on UK Population Structures - AGE STRUCTURES

Answer 5

• Immigration Lowers the Average Age of the Population Directly as an Average, they Are Younger and More Likely to Produce Babies

Question 6

Explain the Impact of Migration on UK Population Structures - THE DEPENDENCY RATIO

Answer 6

• More Likely to be of Working Age so Lower Dependency Ratio
• they Pay Taxes to Help Pay for All the Dependent People in the Country
• Older Migrants are More Likely to Return To their Countries, so Don’t Become Dependents
• However, they Are Younger so Over Time, More Likely to Have Children –> Increasing the Ratio

Question 7

State 3 Ways Globalisation has Affected the UK Population

Answer 7

• More Undocumented Workers
• Greater Cultural Diversity
• Changing Families

Question 8

Explain why Globalisation has Affected UK Population - MORE DOCUMENTED WORKERS

Answer 8

• those who Come and Stay Ilegally
• Pulled by Prospects of Better Standard of Living, and often Pushed by Poverty and Lack of Opportunities In Home Countries But Lack the Skills to Enter Country Legally
• are Exploited by UK Employers And also Exploited by People Traffickers who Smuggle Them Into Country

Question 9

Explain why Globalisation has Affected UK Population - GREATER CULTURAL DIVERSITY

Answer 9

• Globalisation has Meant Global Diversity , Mixing of Cultures
• Growing Number of Couples Come from Different Cultural Backgrounds, and More Hybrid Families

Question 10

Explain why Globalisation has Affected UK Population - CHANGING FAMILIES

Answer 10

• Migrants from Eastern Europe Tend to have Larger Families -> Contributed to ‘Baby Boom’ in 2000s
• Beck & Beck-Gernshien (2014) - talk of Growth of ‘World Families’ and ‘Distant Love’ , Conducted between People Living in Different Countries
• Chambers - Globalisation has Meant there’s More Global Family Networks, Migrants in UK Maintain Relationships -> Send Money to Their Families in Other Countries