5 - Demography - BIRTHS Flashcards
What is the BIRTH RATE
the Number of LIVE BIRTHS per 1000 of the Population Each Year
What is the GENERAL FERTILITY RATE
the Number of LIVE BIRTHS per 1000 WOMEN of Child-bearing age (15-44) per year
What is the INFANT MORTALITY RATE
the Number of DEATHS of BABIES in their FIRST YEAR of LIFE per 1,000 Live Births per year
State 1 Statistical evidence on Births
were MORE Live Births in MOST DEPRIVED areas of England and Wales THAN in the LEAST DEPRIVED , and the STILL BIRTH RATE in these areas was also HIGHER
What are 4 Reasons to why there were MORE BIRTHS in DEPRIVED AREAS
- LESS LIKLEY to use CONTRACEPTION or use it Properly
- Socialisation / Care
- FEWER ASPIRATIONS - deliberate
- Pakistani and Bangladeshi have Larger families
What is 1 Reasons to why it was MORE LIKELY to be a STILL BIRTH in a DEPRIVED
- DON’T have the MONEY to LIVE a LIFESTYLE to EAT HEALTHY DURING PREGNANCY ; Alcohol , Smoking, Drinking
State 3 Reasons for a DECLINE in BIRTH RATE
- Contraception
- Changing Position of Women
- Child Centredness
Explain Reason for Decline in Birth Rate - CONTRACEPTION
- More Effective , Safer, Cheaper Methods of Birth Control have been Developed
- Societies Attitudes To Use of Contraception have Changed
- Availability of Safe and Legal Abortion since 1967 has Helped Terminating Unwanted Pregnancies
Explain Reason for Decline in Birth Rate - CHANGING POSITION OF WOMEN
- Impact of Feminism and the Women’s Movement has Involved More Equal Status
- Women Today have Different Priorities
- Sharpe (1986) - Priorities from ‘Love, Marriage, Husbands, Children, Jobs, Career , To a More Careers Approach
Explain Reason for Decline in Birth Rate - CHILDCENTREDNESS
- Increasing Child Centredness of Both Family and Society as a Whole –> Childhood is Now Constructed As a Uniquely Important Period in Individuals Life
- has Meant a Shift from ‘Quantity’ to ‘Quality’ - Parents have Fewer Chidren and Lavish More Time, Attention, Resources on Them
