5 Cultural Environment

Question 1

Elements of culture

Answer 1

Language
Religion
Values and attitudes
Manners and customs 
Material elements (infrastructure)
Aesthetics 
Education
Social institutions

Question 2

Power distance PDI

Answer 2

Extent to which less powerful members of society accept power is distributed unequally

Question 3

Individualism v collectivism

Answer 3

Tendency of people to look after themselves and immediate family only

Question 4

Uncertainty avoidance (UAI)

Answer 4

Extent to which people feel threatened by ambiguous situations and have created beliefs/institutions to try and avoid these

Question 5

Masculinity and Femininity (MAS)

Answer 5

Situations where dominant values are success, money, material possessions. People judged on achievements/performance. Ambition/drive considered good in masculine society.

Question 6

Long term v short term orientation

Answer 6

Associates connections of past with current and future actions/challenges.

Short-term – traditions kept, steadfastness valued. Long-term – adoption, circumstantial, pragmatic problem-solving as a necessity

Question 7

Importance of culture for management and marketing overseas

Answer 7

Countries culture affects attitude towards work, management styles can give rise to challenges/lead to success, advertising campaigns must be carefully tailored to cultures, impact on communication styles.