5: Creation 1 & 2 Flashcards
Hesiod's theogony and near eastern sources (enuma elish)
What was berkert’s contextual approach?
He was interested in the connection between myth and ritual.
What does theogony mean
origin/birth of the gods
Cosmogony
origin/birth of the universe (cosmos is born in hesoid)
which god was the theogony a hymn to?
A hymn to zeus
Why is the theogony teleological
the theogony aims towards end point zeus is in charge and we’re happy about it.
What are the motifs in the theogony?
reproduction, intergenerational strife, male vs female,
What are the first 4 entities
chaos, earth, tartaros = the cavern, eros =desire, attraction, motion
What are the 7 children of earth and chaos
Erebos =darkness, Nyx =night, Aither = radiance, Hemera = day, Uranus = sky, Ourea = Mountains, Pontus = sea
What was generation 2
the titans, cyclopes, hundred handers
who is equivalent to titans kronus and rhea in homer
ocean and tethys
Who make the lightning bolt? what is their individual names?
the cyclopes: brontes (thunder), steropes (flasher), and arges (brightner)
what terrible thing does ouranos (sky) do?
He hates his children so he hides them and doesn’t allow them to be born from earth.
what does kronos do to relieve earth of unborn babies? what is this an etiology for?
He makes a sickle and castrates ouranos, etiology: earth separates from sky.
what does ouranos’ castration produce?
blood produces erinyes, giants, ash nymphs. Genitalia produces aphordite
what was gen 3
the olympians
what happens to the stone that replaced zeus?
it becomes omphalos ‘belly button’ at delphi
whats the titanomachy
war between olympians and titans, because the titans wanna get rid of kronos.
Who does earth tell zeus to form an alliance with?
the hundred handers and cyclopes who gift zeus the lighting bolt, they lead him to victory.
who does zeus fight on his own that earth produced?
Typhon,100 dragon heads, terrible roar
How does zeus behave like his father what does he do
yep, there is another prophecy that a woman named metis was to give birth to a son that would overthrow zeus, zeus ingests her to avoid the birth of her son, he acquires cleverness but gets a headache and asks hephetus to hit his head with an axe, from his head athena is born.
Who were zeus’ wives and children w/ them
- Athena. 2. Themis (law): seasons children dike = justice, eirene = peace, and the 3 fates. 3. hera (most famous, son ares) 4. demeter - daughter persephone/kore (means girl) 5. Mnenosymne (memory)-daughters: the muses.
what did fate mean to the greeks
how long you live, lifespan, not events that will happen
What is the creation story according to Enuma Elish?
Apsu (fresh water) and Tiamat (salt water) mingle and have 4 gens of kids. They get annoyed with how loud they are and want rid of the kids. Apsu plots destruction but ea casts a spell and puts his father to sleep to overthrow his father Apsu.
What happens because of Marduk storm god son of Ea.
Marduk’s wind bothers Tiamat so she appoints kingu to fall victim. Marduk fills Tiamat with his storm and shoots her with an arrow, big explosion. After Marduk imprisons kingu.
What are humans created from according to Enuma Elish? What is their purpose?
From Kingu’s blood, their purpose is to serve the gods.
what is created from Tiamat’s spit according to enuma elish
Clouds, wind, rain
How is the Tigris and Euphrates rivers created according to enuma elish?
From marduk piercing tiamat’s eyes, and the rivers flowed from there
what is the order of who ruled in the Indo-European Hitittes kingship in heaven poem?
Alalush > Anush > Kumarbi > Teshub
The lower power one always battles the one in power and overthrows them, gaining the throne. ex: alalush was in power and anush battled and overthrew him, continues..
What happens when Anush and Kumarbi battle
Kumarbi consumes Anush’s genitals, and from his genitals the storm god Teshub is born who overthorws Kumarbi when he escapes his stomach.
what are the time intervals for hitite kingship in heaven?
Nine year intervals
what are 6 succession myths (younger generation overcoming older gen) shared motifs
Young vs old, motion vs static, wisdom vs brute force, wicked parents, dragon combat, storm god wins.
