Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry LC 2022 > 5. Chemical Bonding > Flashcards

5. Chemical Bonding Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Compund

A

A substance made of two or more elements chemicals combined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Octet rule

A

When bonding occurs, atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with 8 electrons in the outermost energy level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the exceptions to the octet rule?

A

Transition metals

Hydrogen, Lithium & Beryllium (2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ion

A

A charged atom or group of atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cations

A

Positive ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anions

A

Negative ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ionic bond , eg

A

The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in a compound. Ionic bonds are always formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
Eg NaCl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name of the three dimensional structure in which ions are encased?

A

Crystal lattice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 characteristics of transition metals

A
  • variable valency
  • coloured compounds
  • catalysts
    VCC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What elements included in the d block are not actually transition metals?

A

Scandium and Zinc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Transition metal

A

One that forms at least one ion with a partially filled d sublevel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Molecule

A

A group of atoms joined together. It is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Valency

A

Valency of an element is defined as the no. of atoms of hydrogen or any other monovalent element with which each atom of the element combines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sigma bond

A

A sigma bond is formed by the head on overlap of two orbitals.
(Single bonds) eg H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pi bond

A

Pi bonds are formed by the sideways overlap of p orbitals.

Eg O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of bonds make up a single bond?

A

1 sigma bond

17
Q

What type of bonds make up a double bond?

A

1 sigma

1 pi bond

18
Q

What type of bonds make up triple bonds?

A

1 sigma

2 pi

19
Q

Which are stronger, sigma or pi bonds?

A

Sigma ; as there is more overlapping of orbitals in sigma bonds
Therefore O=O is not twice as strong as O-O.

20
Q

VSEPR

A

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion

Electron pairs repel each other and arrange themselves in space so they can be as far apart as possible

21
Q

Angle of Triangular Planar

A

120

22
Q

Angle of linear

A

180

23
Q

Angle of pyramidal

A

107

24
Q

Angle of V shaped

A

104.5

25
Q

Angle of Tetrahedral

A

109.5

26
Q

Electronegativity

A

The relative attraction that an atom in a molecule has for the shared pair(s) of electrons in a covalent bond.

27
Q

Polar covalent bond

A

A bond in which there is unequal sharing of the pair(s) of electrons. This causes one end of the bond to be slightly negative and the other end slightly positive.

28
Q

Pure covalent

A

Equal sharing

29
Q

Exception to polar covalent bonds

A

Symmetrical molecules eg CO2 where the center of the negative charges coincide with that of the positive charges .

30
Q

Demonstrate polarity of water molecule

A

A charged plastic rod will always attract the water stream, whether negative or positive charged. Bc water molecules spin so that the neg/pod charge are attracted to rod.

31
Q

Predicting type of bonding based one electronegativity values

A

0- non polar (pure covalent)
0-0.4 negligible polar covalent
0.4-1.7 polar covalent
1.7+ ionic

32
Q

Intramolecular bonding

A

Bonding that takes place within the molecule ie it holds the atoms together. Eg Covalent, polar covalent

33
Q

Intermolecular forces

A

The forces of attraction that exist between molecules. Eg Van der Waals, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonds.

34
Q

Van der Waals forces

A

Weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the formation of temporary dipoles. They are the only forces of attraction between non-polar molecules
Eg. H2

35
Q

Dipole-dipole forces

A

The forces of attraction between the negative pole of one polar molecule and the positive pole of another polar molecule. Eg HCl

36
Q

Hydrogen Bonds

A

Particular types of dipole-dipole attractions between molecules in which hydrogen atoms are bonded with nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.
NOF

Chemistry LC 2022 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions