5 - Cariology

Question 1

is dental caries an infectious, communicabe, disease process

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

what is a post-eruptive disease process

Answer 2

dental caries

Question 3

microorganisms (for caries) are acquired from where

Answer 3

the environment (mainly infant caregivers)

Question 4

3 main factors of caries

Answer 4

1. tooth
2. dental plaque
3. diet (refined carbs)

without all three, caries is not possible

Question 5

influences that affect the 3 main factor of caries

Answer 5

time, fluoride, and saliva

also: education, socioeconomic status, and behavior

Question 6

what are the parts of microbial biofilm

Answer 6

1. acquired pellicle
2. bacteria
3. matrix

Question 7

what is a coating derived from saliva and deposits shortly after eruption

Answer 7

acquired pellicle

Question 8

what is acellular and consists of salilvary glycoproteins

Answer 8

acquired pellicle

Question 9

how long does it take for acquired pellicle to mature

Answer 9

7 days

Question 10

what is the acquired pellicle colonized by

Answer 10

oral bacteria

Question 11

where are bacteria most abundant

Answer 11

stagnant areas (proximal surfaces, pits, fissures)

Question 12

what bacteria colonize as plaque matures and oxygen penetration decreases (gram negaive rods and cocci)

Answer 12

anaerobic bacteria

Question 13

what are organic and inorganic components derived from bacteria

Answer 13

matrix

Question 14

what its a major component of matrix

Answer 14

polysaccharides

Question 15

what are minor components of matrix

Answer 15

salivary and serum proteins and glycoproteins

Question 16

what is the process of bacterial metabolism - causes acidogenesis (lactic acid)

Answer 16

anaerobic glycolysis

Question 17

what is pH change in plaque metabolism

Answer 17

7.0 to 4.5

Question 18

when does enamel begin to demineralize

Answer 18

5.0 to 5.5

Question 19

when eating, the drop in pH occurs for how many minutes

Answer 19

30 minutes

Question 20

T/F: quality of food is more important than frequency

Answer 20

FALSE! frequency is more important than quality

Question 21

what are secondary (recurrent) caries

Answer 21

on tooth surface at margin of existing restoration. caused by same bacteria that cause primary caries. this is the most common reason for restoration replacement

Question 22

what are the 3 stages of carious lesion development

Answer 22

1. incipient - can be arrested or reversed
2. demineralization to and past DEJ
3. overt or frank - cavitation present, operative intervention necssary

Question 23

what do pit and fissure caries look like when spread

Answer 23

Question 24

what do interproximal caries look like hwen spread

Answer 24

Question 25

do all white spot lesions lead to cavities

Answer 25

YES

Question 26

what are zones of incipient lesion from surface

Answer 26

1. surface zone 2. body of lesion 3. dark zone 4. translucent zone

Question 27

what zone: Deepest part of the lesion. Advancing part of the lesion. Slight demineralization. 1% pore space.

Answer 27

translucent zone

Question 28

what zone: Pore space of 2-4%. Deepest part of the lesion that can be re-mineralized.

Answer 28

dark zone

Question 29

what zone: Pore space of 5-25% Remanents of enamel crystals still maintain orientation in the protein matrix.

Answer 29

body of lesion

Question 30

what zone: Pore space 1% Can be re-mineralized. If no re-mineralization occurs, the surface zone becomes undermined and collapses. The lesion is then no longer incipient.

Answer 30

surface zone

Question 31

what are the five zones of carious dentin

Answer 31

1. destruction - closest to DEJ 2. penetration 3. demineralization 4. translucency 5. reactionary dentin or sclerotic

Question 32

what is deposited y the pulp in response to irritation (amorphous)

Answer 32

reactionary dentin

Question 33

what are non-vital calcific tracts of dentinal tubules

Answer 33

sclerotic tubules

Question 34

clinical appearance of active lesion

Answer 34

white, chalky or dull, rough, porous

Question 35

clinical appearance of inactive lesion

Answer 35

white to black, shiny, smooth, hard

Question 36

if lesion is shiny and hard, do you need to remove it?

Answer 36

nO

Question 37

what are the cariogenic bacteria

Answer 37

s. mutans gram + l. casei gram +

Question 38

what is the primary colonizer of acquired pellicle

Answer 38

s. mutans