5) Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Answer 1

• The major involuntary, automatic portion of the nervous system

Question 2

Two major subdivisions of the ANS

Answer 2

• Parasympathetic (PNS): cholinergic

- Sympathetic (SNS): adrenergic

Question 3

Sympathetic NS function

Answer 3

• Prepare body for stress and activity (mobilization & increased metabolism)
• Fight or flight

Question 4

Parasympathetic NS function

Answer 4

• Promote survival in stable state

- Rest and digest

Question 5

SNS neurotransmitters

Answer 5

• Epinephrine

- Norepinephrine

Question 6

PNS neurotransmitters

Answer 6

• Acetylcholine

Question 7

SNS vs. PNS

Answer 7

• Serve same organs, but opposing effects
  – One stimulates, other inhibits
  – May work together or independently
• Balancing/complementary roles (accelerator vs brake)

Question 8

SNS/PNS contributions to homeostasis

Answer 8

• Contribute to achieve homeostasis: visceral organs, smooth muscle and glands
  – Modulate vital functions: cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive functions, endocrine

Question 9

Cholinergic rest and digest system (PNS) main functions: SLUDGE

Answer 9

• Salivation
• Lacrimation
• Urinary incontinence
• Diarrhea
• Gastrointestinal cramps
• Emesis

Question 10

Cholinergic rest and digest system (PNS) main functions: DUMBELLS

Answer 10

• Diarrhea
• Urination
• Miosis (pinpoint pupils)
• Brachycardia
• Emesis (nausea/vomiting)
• Lacrimation
• Lethargy
• Salivation

Question 11

Two parts of the nervous sustem

Answer 11

• Central nervous system (CNS)

- Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 12

Cholinergic receptor subtypes

Answer 12

• Muscarinic receptors (M1 to M5)
• Nicotinic (N)
• 2 major nicotinic subtypes located in ganglia (NN) and skeletal muscle end plates (NM)