5. Anatomy of the lungs Flashcards
1
Q
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
A
- when the nerves and vessels in between the collarbone and first rib get compressed.
2
Q
Describe the borders of the inferior thoracic aperture/anatomical thoracic outlet.
- anteriorly, posteriorly and laterally.
A
- anteriorly = costal cartilage of ribs 7 - 10.
- posteriorly = vertebral T12.
- laterally = ribs 11 and 12.
3
Q
Superior mediastinum borders.
A
- superior thoracic aperture to thoracic plane.
4
Q
Inferior mediastinum borders.
A
- thoracic plane to diaphragm.
5
Q
What are the divisions of the inferior mediastinum (3)?
Where does the heart lie?
A
- posterior, anterior and middle.
- heart lies in the middle mediastinum.
6
Q
What level does the thoracic plane lie at?
Give two landmarks.
A
- sternal angle.
- at the t4/t5 intervertebral disc.
7
Q
Which vessels supply the lung pleura?
A
- parietal = intercostal arteries.
- visceral = bronchial arteries.
8
Q
Which pleural layer is sensitive to pain, temperature and touch?
A
- parietal.
9
Q
Innervation of parietal pleura.
A
- intercostal and phrenic nerves
10
Q
Innervation of visceral pleura.
A
- pulmonary plexus.
11
Q
Pleurisy.
A
- inflammation of the pleura.
12
Q
Pleural effusion.
A
- excessive fluid in the pleural cavity.
13
Q
Pneumothorax.
A
- collapsed lung bc there is air in the pleural space.
14
Q
Haemothorax.
A
- blood in the pleural space.
15
Q
Pulmonary cosolidation.
A
- fluid in lungs instead of air.
