5/6- TX-Specific Strategies for Dev. Oral&Written Lang.Skills cont'd + Considerations in Service Delviery to Special Pop. Flashcards
How will preschool children be, if they receive comprehensive support in oral and written language skills?
More successful in elementary school and beyond
T/F: when working with elementary-aged and adolescent students we are trying to enhance their literate and oral skills, many SLPs don’t view literacy as something that is “our job”?
True
T/F: Many of us (SLPs) in public schools work with students who have oral language problems, and literacy is viewed as the province of other professionals such as resource specialists?
True
In regards to literacy, who has been increasingly emphasizing the role of the SLP in supporting students with written language problems?
ASHA
Why are ELL students with LIs particularly vulnerable to written language difficulties?
1) written materials are in their second language of English
2) their LI often makes written language difficult.
T/F: There are many easy, simple, inexpensive activities that SLPs can incorporate into therapy to provide additional support to these students?
True
T/F: Today in the U.S., barely any of SpEd referrals involve students who have difficulty with writing?
False, most of the SpEd referrals involve students who have difficulty with writing
What are three reasons for students having difficulty with writing?
- Have poor composition skills
- Have weak hand-finger muscles, poor finger dexterity
- Background: writing and other pre-readiness fine motor skills not emphasized
T/F: In many homes, parents don’t have the money for materials to develop fine motor skills
True
This is because children watch a lot of TV and have a great deal of screen time in general
T/F: Teachers assume that children come to school ready for paper-pencil tasks; they should start writing immediately
True
What’s the problem with teachers assuming children come to school ready for paper-pencil tasks?
Many children aren’t ready and need to do activities like painting and playing with clay
T/F: In today’s kindergartens, there is no time for playing with clay and painting; children are asked to write before they are ready?
True :(
What is the program called that’s multi sensory, and is a developmental approach that is virtually 100% successful?
Handwriting without Tears
Why is Handwriting Without Tears such a good program?
It is excellent for ELL children; it is very visual and tactile
It is also good for children who are left-handed, who reverse their letters, and who have difficulty forming their letters.
T/F: There isn’t really any simple, inexpensive activities that can be used to help children who
have difficulty with writing and fine motor skills?
False, there are MANY
What are simple, inexpensive activities that can be used to help children who have difficulty with writing and fine motor skills?
Small pencils—accurate grip (no fat pencils!!)
In upper left hand corner—where to begin writing
Letters in clay for play dough
Trace letters in a salt or sand tray—kinesthetic “feel” or letter
Tear newspaper into strips, then crunch into little balls
Trace letters in glitter gel-filled ziploc bags
Why would having the child pick up small objects with tweezers be a good activity where you could, “kill 2 birds with 1 stone”?
If we are teaching vocabulary through small objects, we can “kill 2 birds with one stone” by having children use tweezers to pick up these objects; this will help develop fine motor skills.
T/F: Never encourage the child to squeeze a squishy ball during listening activities. This doesn’t enhances attention and impairs hand and finger muscles.
False
*We want to encourage the child to squeeze a squishy ball during listening activities. This enhances attention and helps strengthen hand and finger muscles.
Why do we want to overteach right vs left?
Many ELL students with LI confuse right and left. I have pre-adolescents who are still inaccurate with these concepts!
Make sure the child is sitting at 90 degree angles. Her feet should be flat on the floor, her posture straight, and her stomach touching the table. Her nonwriting hand should be flat and should support the paper as she writes.
What are some techniques we can teach students in therapy regarding left and right?
Have the child write letters in the air, writing from the shoulder
Have the child wake up her body by stomping on the floor, moving around—this will enhance concentration.
If the child is a leftie, the paper is turned in the opposite direction
What are the most common letters in the Dolce reading list?
A, S, T, O, N, E
What is a technique we should teach the children when first learning to write?
Exaggerate their spacing
What is the skittle test?
You measure their spacing with a skittle. If they leave enough space between words for a skittle they get to eat it.
T/F: The majority of Internationally Adopted Children (IAC) are 2 years old or younger?
True
What are the top sending countries for international adopted children?
- China
- Ethiopia
- Russia (no more) as of Dec. 2012
- South Korea
- Ukraine
T/F: The number of IAC in the US has significantly increased?
FALSE; # of IAC has dropped by 2/3
Hwa-Froelich, D. (2012). Supporting development in internationally adopted children states what?
U.S. families adopt CH from abroad 4-16x more than families from other countries
Most adopted before 2 yrs
Most studies: South Korean and
Romanian
South Korean: positive outcomes
Romanian: negative outcomes
How does a child become an orphan?
Some have parents who are dead
In many cases, parents put their children into orphanages b/c cannot afford to feed them
Also, in some cases, parents are not married; great disgrace in some countries, so the child is placed in an orphanage
Who is Kathleen Morris?
- Practical strategies for therapists working with SI/SPD Disorders
- Volunteered: Russian, Romanian, Bulgarian orphanages
- She has also worked for 17 years as the founder and director of two Sensory integration (SI) clinics
What did Kathleen Morris state about Russion cities?
mothers abandon CH on streets
Walking along holding hands; mother says “look there!” drops CH’s hand, runs away
Orphanage workers go out PMs to look inside manholes—CH hiding from cold
What did Morris say about orphanages?
The smell is so bad that some visitors throw up when they enter
In some Bulgarian orphanages, schedule:
1. Breakfast 2. Sit on bench 3. Lunch 4. Sit on bench 5. Dinner 6. Go to bed—stay there
What did former student Marilyn Stansfield, who worked in Romanian orphanage, say about orphanage workers?
They stole supplies—diapers, wheelchair parts, bottles, soap, combs, toilet paper
Sometimes Marilyn told not to change a wet diaper or use shampoo during a bath
Workers took orphans’ food
Marilyn also volunteered for a hospital for abandoned babies and described this place as what?
- 8 beds/room
- The babies only human contact was during diaper change
- Not held or cuddled
- All meals included: blanket/pillow propped next to heads, bottle placed on blanket
When Marilyn did try to feed an infant from a bottle, what happened?
- Wouldn’t eat, he just stared at Marilyn
- Nurse said: the baby is unfamiliar with being held while fed
- Too much sensory input
