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Public health 2a > 5/5 revision > Flashcards

5/5 revision Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first line treatment for UC?

A

5 aminosalicylic acid - Sulfasalazine

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2
Q

What is the change in Barrett’s oesophagus?

A

Stratified squamous –> glandular columnar

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3
Q

Name a H2 receptor antagonist

A

Ranitidine

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4
Q

Which 2 antibodies are present in coeliac disease?

A

Anti-endomysial antibody

Tissue transglutaminase

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5
Q

Give 5 signs of Coeliac disease

A 
Anaemia
Osteoporosis
Chronic fatigue
Amenorrhoea
Infertility
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6
Q

What is Duke’s staging used for and what are the stages?

A 
Colorectal cancer
A - only in mucosa
B - extension through mucosa
C - regional lymph node involvement
D - distant mets
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7
Q

Where is appendicitis pain felt?

A

McBurney’s point - 2/3 from umbilicus to anterior superior iliac spine

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8
Q

Explain inflammatory diarrhoea

A

Blood / mucus in stool
Caused by cytotoxin producing / invasive bacteria
Eg. EHEC, C.difficile, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter

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9
Q

Explain non-inflammatory diarrhoea

A

Watery

ETEC, vibrio cholerae, viruses eg. norovirus

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10
Q

What Abx would you give for C.difficile?

A

Metronidazole or vancomycin

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11
Q

What Abx would you give for cholera?

A

Doxycycline

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12
Q

Meningitis treatment

A

Cefotaxime
+amoxicillin if listeria monocytogenes
+dexamethasone if s.pneumoniae`

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13
Q

Migraine treatment

A

Acute: NSAIDs, Triptans eg. rizatriptan
Prevention: Propanolol / Amitriptyline

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14
Q

SAH treatment

A

Hydrate, BP >160, Nimodipine, CT angiography –> endovascular coiling

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15
Q

MS pharmacological treatment

A

Methylprednisolone for relapses
Beta-interferons
Natalizumab (against VLA-4 receptors)
Baclofen for spasticity

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16
Q

3 symptoms that indicate a patient does NOT have MS

A

Aphasia, hemianopia, muscle wasting

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17
Q

Treatment for ischaemic stroke

A

Alteplase

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18
Q

Treatment for partial seizures

A

Carbamazepine / lamotrigine

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19
Q

Treatment for generalised seizures

A

Sodium valproate / lamotrigine

20
Q

S/E of sodium valproate

A

Teratogenic

21
Q

What might CSF electrophoresis show in MS?

A

Oligoclonal IgG bands

22
Q

What is the only disease modifying drug available for MND?

A

Riluzole - inhibits glutamate release

23
Q

Dementia treatment

A

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors - rivastigmine

24
Q

Myasthenia gravis treatment

A

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor - pyridostigmine

Relapses: prednisolone

25
Q

Parkinson’s treatment

A

Dopamine agonist - ropinirole
Monoamino-oxidase inhibitor - rasagiline
L-dopa + co-careldopa (dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor)

26
Q

VSV treatment

A

Acyclovir

27
Q

Which antibodies are present in Myasthenia gravis?

A

Anti-ACh receptor antibodies

Muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK)

28
Q

TIA investigation

A

Carotid artery doppler US

29
Q

Cluster headache Tx

A

SC sumatriptan

30
Q

Cluster headache prevention

A

CCB - Verapamil
Avoid alcohol
Prednisolone

31
Q

Which liver tests indicate inflammation?

A

ALT and AST

32
Q

Which liver tests indicate biliary obstruction?

A

GGT (also high in alcoholic liver disease) and ALP

Bilirubin

33
Q

Which liver tests indicate reduced synthesis by the liver?

A

Albumin and Prothrombin time

34
Q

What drug can be given for haemochromatosis?

A

Desferrioxamine

35
Q

What 4 symptoms make up Parkinsonism

A

Tremor, Rigidity, Bradykinesia and postural instability

36
Q

Which enzyme is low in Wilson’s disease?

A

caeruloplasmin

37
Q

What is the definition of portal hypertension?

A

blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein >7mmHg

38
Q

What are the 6 symptoms of chronic liver disease / liver failure?

A 
Ascites
Bruising
Clubbing
Dupuytren's contracture
Jaundice
Hepatic encephalopathy - confusion, drowsiness, liver flap
39
Q

What does ERCP stand for?

A

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

40
Q

What medical treatment can be given for varices?

A

IV Terlipressin

41
Q

What is the diagnostic test for hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Enhanced CT

42
Q

Which 3 drugs are given for a H.pylori ulcer?

A

2 Abx and 1 PPI

Metronidazole, amoxicillin + omeprazole

43
Q

What is the triad of reactive arthritis symptoms?

A

Conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis

44
Q

What does GGT stand for?

A

gamma-glutamyl transferase

45
Q

What does AST stand for?

A

Aspartate transaminase

46
Q

What does ALT stand for?

A

Alanine transaminase

Public health 2a (5 decks)

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