5. -

Question 1

Prevention and control measures in cattle farms:

Answer 1

Non-specific disease control:
Geographical location of farm
Black and White system
Control of water and feed quality and resources
Hygiene and health maintenance

Specific control measures:
- Tuberculin testing
- 0.1 ml m. bovis (purified protein derivative) i.m. - result after 72 hours
- Positive lesion over 4 mm, dubious 2-4 mm and negative under 2 mm
Positive animals are removed, valued and slaughtered
Herd loses OTF status (officially tb free)
Movement restrictions
All animals has to pass consequetive skin test 60 days apart
- Mastitis control:
Hygiene in bedding area
Isolation of positive animals
Hygiene at milking - teat washing, teat dipping before and after milking
COntrol at milking time - milk cup, california mastitis test, adspection, palpation

• Tests for import/export: brucella, FMD, IBR, BVDV
• Other regulatory tests: enzootic bovine leukosis (eradication programme), campylobacter (breeding bulls every 3 months)
• Specific control for syndromes: bovine respiratory syndrome, bovine diarrheic syndrome, reproductive disorders
• Incase of abortion: Q-fever, lepto, brucella, chlamydia, campylobacter, IBR/IPV, BVDV, blue tongue

Regular herd testing: tb, brucella, enzootic bovine leukosis
Quarantine required: FMD, lumpy skin disease, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
Hygiene can help in: listeria, lepto, colicobacillosis, pasteurella, mastitis, necrobacillosis
Vector control: babesia, theileria, erlichia, Q-fever, lyme, tularemia, blue tongue

Question 2

Vaccinations in cattle:

Answer 2

No obligatory, only recommended according to epizootiological situation in the area
in endemic areas: paraTB and anthrax
NOT recommended: FMD, TB, ParaTb

CALVES:
<2 weeks: BRD complex - booster after 3 weeks
Ringworm - live attenuated, booster after 14 days
Over 3 weeks: Salmonella - inactivated, booster after 3 weeks
Before grazing: lungworm - live attenuated, 2 oral doses

DAIRY COW:
Before breeding: BRD complex, leptospirosis (2 doses)
Prior to drying: coliforms, mastitis, clostridium (tetanus)
Prior to calving: neonatal diarrhea (rotavirus, coronavirus, e. coli), salmonella booster

Question 3

Specific control measures for sheep and goats:

Answer 3

Tests for import/export:
Tb
Border disease
Caprine arthritis/encephalitis
Brucella
Paratuberculosis
Scrapie

Question 4

General testing of sheep and goats:

Answer 4

Brucella
Maedi/Visna
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
Peste de pestis
bluetongue
caprine arthritis/encephalitis

Question 5

What to test for in case of abortion in sheep and goat:

Answer 5

Peste de pestis
bluetongue
q fever
lepto
brucella
chlamydia
campylobacter
listeria
salmonelal

Question 6

Vaccinations in sheep and goats:

Answer 6

Clostridial - inactivated
2 weeks - M. haemolytica
Before breeding: Campyloibacter
60 days before and 30 days after: chlamydia abortus
3 months old: corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 7

Specific control measures for swine:

Answer 7

Import/export:
No evidence of transmissible gastroenteritis, aujeszky, swine influenza fpr the past 12 months
ELISA for transmissible gastroenteritis no more than 30 days before export
Examined within 24 hours of export and free of all signs of disease including ectoparasites
must come from brucellosis free stock
officially swine fever free stock
Free from FMD; swine vesicular disease, CSF and contagious swine paralysis for at least 3 months

Question 8

Vaccinations in swine:

Answer 8

1 week: mycoplasma, erysipelas, rhinitis
3 weeks: circovirus

adults
leptospirosis, erysipelas, parvo, e. coli

Question 9

Diseases of suckling pigs:

Answer 9

Rotavirus
Clostridium
Coccidia
E. coli
Mycoplasma suis
Aujeszkys
Inclusion body rhinitis
Staphylococcus
Tetanus

Question 10

Diseases of growing pigs:

Answer 10

Systemic bacterial: actinobacillus suis, salmonella cholerasuis
Haemorrhagic pneumonia (actinobacillus)
Diarrhoea (salmonella, brachyspira)
PRRS, PMWD
Oedema disease

Question 11

Vaccinations for horses:

Answer 11

Clostridium tetani - foals and horses
- program depends on if mother has been vaccinated
Equine influenza - foals and horses
- 9-10 mnths, 2 doses at 4 w intervals
Equine herpes virus - rhinopneumatis and abortion
- foals and horses
Strangles - foal at 4, 5 and 7 months
West Nile virus - foals and horses, 3-4-6 mnths in high risk area, broodmares 4-6 w before foaling
Rabies
Encephalomyelitis
Tetanus
Botulism
Ehrlichhiosis
Equine viral arteritis
Rotavirus
Equine protozoal myelitis
Streptococcus equi