5 Flashcards
What are the waste products of protein metabolism?
Urea, creatinine, and uric acid are the waste products of protein metabolism.
Where are waste products formed and excreted?
They are formed in the liver and conveyed in blood to the kidneys for excretion.
What is conveyed to the lungs for excretion?
Carbon dioxide, released by all cells, is conveyed to the lungs for excretion.
What is the role of the pluripotent stem cell?
It is the precursor to various blood cells including erythrocytes and granulocytes.
What is haemoglobin?
Haemoglobin is the weight of whole blood, measured in grams per 100 ml.
What is mean cell volume (MCV)?
Mean cell volume is the average volume of cells, measured in femtolitres (fL).
What is mean cell haemoglobin (MCH)?
Mean cell haemoglobin is the average amount of haemoglobin in each cell, measured in picograms (pg).
What does mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) measure?
It measures the amount of haemoglobin in 100 ml of red cells.
What is the erythrocyte count?
Erythrocyte count is the number of erythrocytes per litre or per cubic millimetre of blood.
Where are erythrocytes formed?
Erythrocytes are formed in red bone marrow, present in the ends of long bones and in flat and irregular bones.
What is the life span of erythrocytes in circulation?
Their life span in circulation is about 120 days.
What is packed cell volume (PCV)?
Packed cell volume is the volume of red cells in 1 litre or 1 mm of whole blood.
What are the normal values for erythrocyte count in males?
4.5 x 10^6 to 6.5 x 10^6 per mm³ (4.5 to 6.5 million/mm³).
What are the normal values for erythrocyte count in females?
4.5 x 10^6 to 5 x 10^6 per mm³ (4.5 to 5 million/mm³).
What is the normal packed cell volume (PCV) range for females?
0.4 to 0.5 (40 to 50%).
What is the normal mean cell volume (MCV) range?
80 to 96 fL.
What is the normal haemoglobin (Hgb) range for males?
13 to 18 g/100 ml.
What is the normal haemoglobin (Hgb) range for females?
11.5 to 16.5 g/100 ml.
What is the normal mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) range?
27 to 32 pg/cell.
What is the normal mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) range?
30 to 35 g/100 ml of cells.
