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Question 1

What is blood classified as?

Answer 1

Blood is classified as a connective tissue.

Question 2

What are the primary functions of blood in communication?

Answer 2

Blood carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, cell wastes, hormones, heat, protective substances, and clotting factors.

Question 3

What percentage of body weight does blood make up?

Answer 3

Blood makes up about 7% of body weight (approximately 5.6 litres in a 70 kg man).

Question 4

How does blood contribute to homeostasis?

Answer 4

Blood volume and the concentration of its constituents are kept within narrow limits by homeostatic mechanisms.

Question 5

What is the composition of blood?

Answer 5

Blood is composed of plasma (about 55%) and cells (about 45%).

Question 6

What are the main constituents of plasma?

Answer 6

Plasma consists of water (90-92%), plasma proteins, inorganic salts, nutrients, enzymes, organic waste materials, hormones, and gases.

Question 7

What are the types of plasma proteins?

Answer 7

Plasma proteins include albumins, globulins (including antibodies), fibrinogen, and clotting factors.

Question 8

What is the role of plasma proteins in blood?

Answer 8

Plasma proteins create osmotic pressure, which keeps plasma fluid within circulation.

Question 9

What happens if plasma protein levels fall?

Answer 9

If plasma protein levels fall, osmotic pressure is reduced, leading to fluid movement into tissues (oedema).

Question 10

What is the osmotic pressure of blood?

Answer 10

The osmotic pressure of blood is normally 25 mmHg (3.3 kPa).