4th year definitions

Question 1

Atrophic

Answer 1

Decrease in size or thinning of tissue

Question 2

Bullous/bullae

Answer 2

Large blister of pathological origin containing serous fluid

Question 3

Circumscribed

Answer 3

Having a distinct border

Question 4

Crepitus

Answer 4

A grating sound/sensation produced by friction between bone/cartilage or bone/bone

Question 5

Diffuse

Answer 5

Spread over a large area, not localised

Question 6

Dysaesthesia

Answer 6

Painful/unpleasant sensations felt when touched usually caused by damage to peripheral nerves

Question 7

Ecchymosis

Answer 7

Macular area of haemorrhage

Question 8

Ectopic

Answer 8

In an abnormal position or place

Question 9

Enucleate

Answer 9

Surgically remove a lesion from its surrounding capsule/bony cavity

Question 10

Erosion

Answer 10

An area where the surface epithelium has been gradually destroyed

Question 11

Erythema

Answer 11

Superficial reddening of skin/mucosa due to dilatation of blood capillaries

Question 12

Fibrosis

Answer 12

Thickening or scarring of connective tissue usually as a reparative or reactive process

Question 13

Filiform

Answer 13

Thread like

Question 14

Friable

Answer 14

Easily torn

Question 15

Haematoma

Answer 15

A solid/semi-solid collection of clotted blood within soft tissues

Question 16

Homogenous

Answer 16

Consisting of parts all of the same kind; all areas of a lesion looking similar

Question 17

Hyperplastic

Answer 17

An increase in the number of cells usually in response to stimulus

Question 18

Hypertrophic

Answer 18

Enlargement of an organ or tissue as a result of increase in size, rather than number of cells

Question 19

Iatrogenic

Answer 19

An illness or injury caused by examination or treatment

Question 20

Indurated/induration

Answer 20

Hardened area of tissue, often associated with malignancy

Question 21

Leukoplakia

Answer 21

A white patch or plaque which cannot be characterised clinically or pathologically as any other disease, and is not associated with any physical or chemical causative agent ,except the use of tobacco

Question 22

Macule

Answer 22

An area of skin/mucosal discolouration

Question 23

Necrosis

Answer 23

Death of all or most of the cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, failed blood supply

Question 24

Nodule

Answer 24

Small swelling or aggregation of cells

Question 25

Papilla/-ae

Answer 25

Small rounded, raised swelling

Question 26

Papule

Answer 26

A small solid, raised, circumscribed lesion which does not contain pus

Question 27

Paraesthesia

Answer 27

Decreased sensation often caused by damage to peripheral nerves

Question 28

Pedunculated

Answer 28

Supported by a stalk

Question 29

Petechia/-ae

Answer 29

Pin point haemorrhage spot

Question 30

Plaque

Answer 30

A small, distinct, typically raised patch on the mucosa

Question 31

Reticular

Answer 31

A fine net-like pattern

Question 32

Sclerosis/sclerotic

Answer 32

Abnormal hardening of tissue

Question 33

Serous

Answer 33

Clear fluid, resembling serum

Question 34

Sessile

Answer 34

Attached directly by its base without a stalk

Question 35

Striae

Answer 35

Irregular areas of musosa that look like bands, stripes or lines; usually white

Question 36

Ulcer

Answer 36

An open sore caused by a break in the epithelium which fails to heal

Question 37

Vesicle

Answer 37

A small blister containing serous fluid