4th year definitions Flashcards
Atrophic
Decrease in size or thinning of tissue
Bullous/bullae
Large blister of pathological origin containing serous fluid
Circumscribed
Having a distinct border
Crepitus
A grating sound/sensation produced by friction between bone/cartilage or bone/bone
Diffuse
Spread over a large area, not localised
Dysaesthesia
Painful/unpleasant sensations felt when touched usually caused by damage to peripheral nerves
Ecchymosis
Macular area of haemorrhage
Ectopic
In an abnormal position or place
Enucleate
Surgically remove a lesion from its surrounding capsule/bony cavity
Erosion
An area where the surface epithelium has been gradually destroyed
Erythema
Superficial reddening of skin/mucosa due to dilatation of blood capillaries
Fibrosis
Thickening or scarring of connective tissue usually as a reparative or reactive process
Filiform
Thread like
Friable
Easily torn
Haematoma
A solid/semi-solid collection of clotted blood within soft tissues
Homogenous
Consisting of parts all of the same kind; all areas of a lesion looking similar
Hyperplastic
An increase in the number of cells usually in response to stimulus
Hypertrophic
Enlargement of an organ or tissue as a result of increase in size, rather than number of cells
Iatrogenic
An illness or injury caused by examination or treatment
Indurated/induration
Hardened area of tissue, often associated with malignancy
Leukoplakia
A white patch or plaque which cannot be characterised clinically or pathologically as any other disease, and is not associated with any physical or chemical causative agent ,except the use of tobacco
Macule
An area of skin/mucosal discolouration
Necrosis
Death of all or most of the cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, failed blood supply
Nodule
Small swelling or aggregation of cells
Papilla/-ae
Small rounded, raised swelling
Papule
A small solid, raised, circumscribed lesion which does not contain pus
Paraesthesia
Decreased sensation often caused by damage to peripheral nerves
Pedunculated
Supported by a stalk
Petechia/-ae
Pin point haemorrhage spot
Plaque
A small, distinct, typically raised patch on the mucosa
Reticular
A fine net-like pattern
Sclerosis/sclerotic
Abnormal hardening of tissue
Serous
Clear fluid, resembling serum
Sessile
Attached directly by its base without a stalk
Striae
Irregular areas of musosa that look like bands, stripes or lines; usually white
Ulcer
An open sore caused by a break in the epithelium which fails to heal
Vesicle
A small blister containing serous fluid
