4th quarter exam (Gen chem II) Flashcards
Any substance that in water solution that tastes sour, changes colour of certain indicators
Acid
Reddens blue litmus paper
Acid
Reacts with metals like Iron and reacts with bases to form salts
Acid
Promotes certain chemical reactions (Acid Catalysis)
Acid
Examples of Acids Inorganic
sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric and phosphoric acids
Examples of Acids Organic
carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, and phenol groups
Examples of Strong Acids and their Chemical Structures
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Hydrobromic Acid (HBr)
Hydroiodic Acid (Hl)
Nitric Acid (HNO3)
Perchloric Acid (HClO4)
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
a substance that can neutralize
the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions
Base
are minerals that react with acids to form water and salts
Base
Base includes
oxides, hydroxides and carbonates of metals
The soluble bases are called
Alkalis
in chemistry, any substance that in water solution is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes the color of indicators
Base
Turns blue litmus paper red
Base
reacts with acids to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions (base catalysis)
Base
Examples of bases
hydroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals (sodium, calcium, etc.) and the water solutions of ammonia or its organic derivatives (amines)
Positively Hydrogen Charged Ions (OH)
Acid
Negatively Hydrogen Charged Ions (OH-)
Base
Examples of Strong bases with their Chemical Structure
Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH)
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2)
any of a class of nitrogen containing organic compounds usually prepared from hydroxylamine and an aldehyde, a ketone, or a quinone.
Oxime
X\Y/C= N―OH, in which X and Y are hydrogen atoms or organic groups derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from an organic compound.
Oxime Structure
any compound containing water in the form of H2O molecules, usually, but not always, with a definite content of water by weight.
Hydrate
The best-known hydrates
Crystalline solids
lose and regain water reversibly with little or no change in structure.
Zeolites
any of the soluble hydroxides of the alkali metals—i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium.
Alkali
strong bases that turn litmus paper from red to blue; they react with acids to yield neutral salts; and they are caustic and in concentrated form are corrosive to organic tissues.
Alkalies
The term is also applied to the soluble hydroxides of such alkaline-earth metals as calcium, strontium, and barium and also to ammonium hydroxide.
Alkali
term was originally applied to the ashes of burned sodium- or potassium-bearing plants, from which the oxides of sodium and potassium could be leached.
Alkali
any of a class of naturally occurring organic nitrogen-containing bases.
Alkaloid
are found primarily in plants and are especially common in certain families of flowering plants. In fact, as many as one-quarter of higher plants are estimated to contain alkaloids
Alkaloid
any chemical compound containing one or more groups, each comprising one atom each of oxygen and hydrogen bonded together and functioning as the negatively charged ion OH-.
Hydroxide
(HYDROXIDE) positively charged portion of the compound usually is the
ion of a metal (e.g., sodium, magnesium, or aluminum)
quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions
PH
ranges between about 1 and 10−14 gram-equivalents per litre—into numbers between 0 and 14
PH LEVEL
0-6 Ph level is
Acid
7 Ph level is
Neutral
8-14 Ph level is
Alkaline
The word “PH” means
Potential Hydrogen
Ph Scale level and their examples
1- Gastric Acid
2- Lemon Juice
3- Apple Juice
4- Tomato Juice
5- Black Coffee
6- Milk
7- Pure Water
8- Egg
9- Baking Soda
10- Hand Soap
11- Ammonia Solution
12- Bleach
13&14- Solutions of Alkalis
