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8 Social Studies > 4th Q, A New World Order (pt 1) > Flashcards

4th Q, A New World Order (pt 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the greatest of all human motivations?

A

Desire to meet needs

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2
Q

one of the most widespread ideologies; borne out of need to interact with private enterprises

A

Capitalism

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3
Q

What rights of an individual does Capitalism recognize?

A

a) own private property
b) expand trade
c) participate in your own interests

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4
Q

Who is the father of Capitalism?

A

Adam Smith

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5
Q

free markets

A

buyers and sellers set prices under business function, under consent and protection of the law

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6
Q

What protects the rights of individuals under Capitalism?

A

the democratic government

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7
Q

Who coined “laissez faire,” and what does it mean?

A

Francois Quesnay, it means “let it be”

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8
Q

principle saying that, in order to expand the economy and produce more goods, governments shouldn’t interfere with private enterprises

A

laissez faire

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9
Q

What book proposes that the economy can survive without much government intervention, market forces will guide the economy, and merchants/guilds are replaced by industrialists?

A

Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations

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10
Q

What are the negative effects of Capitalism?

A
  • led to need for factory workers
  • mass migration to cities, causing overcrowding
  • diseases were widespread
  • harsh living conditions
  • child labor
  • low wages -> poverty
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11
Q

What does the Latin word “sociare” mean?

A

To share

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12
Q

economic system that implies equal sharing of wealth to minimize poverty

A

Socialism

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13
Q

promoting social equality by evenly distributing everything between the people, with democracy

A

Socialism

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14
Q

public controls economic power

A

Socialism

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15
Q

government intervention is important; capitalism is deemed bad

A

Socialism

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16
Q

Central planning by government is needed for what?

A

limit business ownership and avoid losses in economy

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17
Q

aims to alleviate poverty, improve life conditions, encourages COOPERATION instead of COMPETITION

A

Socialism

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18
Q

workers freed of heavy tasks

A

Socialism

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19
Q

the more you contribute, the more wages you receive

A

Socialism

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20
Q

Why was Socialism hard to implement?

A

Due to Utopian belief

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21
Q

What are the limitations of Socialism?

A
  • human rights violations might occur
  • corruption and totalitarianism might exist
  • devalues human choice
  • individuals coerced by government if they disagree with the government
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22
Q

promotes ABSOLUTE equality among the social classes?

A

Communism

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23
Q

Which economic ideology is an extreme form of socialism?

A

Communism

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24
Q

The Communist Manifesto was written by who?

A

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

25
Q

What ideology was further pioneered in the book, Das Kapital?

A

Marxism

26
Q

man has suffered since ancient times, due to ongoing class struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie

A

Communism

27
Q

productive class

A

workers, NOT THE CAPITALISTS, who own land, labor, and capital

28
Q

In order to resolve the class struggle, what must happen according to Communism?

A

the proles must revolt; necessary with socialism as transitional system to become a communist country

29
Q

free association

A

economic system of relationship between individuals who have more control over production and consumption of goods and services

30
Q

shared accountability among members of the community

A

Communism

31
Q

everything is FAIR; everyone equally receives their own share

A

Communism

32
Q

NO private property is allowed

A

Communism

33
Q

What did Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks do?

A

used communism as foundation for their movement, leading to the Russian Revolution

34
Q

corrupt practices were committed by what economic parties in China, North Korea, and the Soviet Union/Russia?

A

Communism

35
Q

Came from the Greek words “demos” and “kratos,” meaning?

A

rule of the people

36
Q

power vested on the people, form of government where laws govern men; “Of the people, by the people, for the people.”

A

Democracy

37
Q

direct democracy

A

equal opportunity to express your opinion and vote for laws

38
Q

representative democracy

A

people’s representatives are selected through vote

39
Q

law-making

A

Legislative

40
Q

enacting the law

A

Executive

41
Q

interprets the law for JUSTICE

A

Judiciary

42
Q

more refined form of representative democracy adopted by many nations

A

Republicanism

43
Q

constitution guides the laws; laws created according to the constitution

A

Democracy

44
Q

What nations are republics?

A

the US, South Korea, the Philippines, etc.

45
Q

What political ideology was the most prevalent in the past?

A

Monarchy

46
Q

Divine Right of Kings

A

monarchs have absolute power over their dominions

47
Q

power of monarchs is limited by the constitution

A

Constitutional (limited) Monarchy

48
Q

What type of monarchy is where the monarch serves as the figurehead of the state?

A

Constitutional Monarchy

49
Q

Bill of Rights

A

blueprint for democratic reforms under the monarchial system

50
Q

In a constitutional monarchy, who is the head of the government?

A

the Prime Minister

51
Q

What powers do the monarchs have, under constitutional monarchy?

A

power to summon and prorogue (close) parliament, declare war, grant royal pardon, and FREE FROM PROSECUTION

52
Q

What do elected representatives do, in constitutional monarchies?

A

makes the laws of the land

53
Q

What countries apply constitutional monarchy?

A

The United Kingdom, Sweden, and Norway

54
Q

form of authoritarian government

A

Dictatorship

55
Q

political system where all the power is handed to a DICTATOR

A

Dictatorship

56
Q

same role as monarch, but WITHOUT divine right of kings

A

Dictatorship

57
Q

one of the most common forms of government in nations across the globe, throughout the 20th century (1900s)

A

Dictatorship

58
Q

Why did dictators come to power?

A

With all the turmoil in the world, the people needed a strong leader.

59
Q

_______ became abusive of their powers

A

dictators

8 Social Studies (6 decks)

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