4A-DNA Flashcards
DNA has genes, a gene is a sequence of DNA bases that codes for a polypeptide or RNA, sequence of polypeptide forms the primary structure of a protein
different polypeptides have different number and order of amino acids
what determines the order of amino acids in a polypeptide
the order of bases in a gene determines the order of amino acids in a polypeptide
what is it called when an amino acid is coded for by a sequence of three bases
triplet or codon
if genes don’t code for polypeptide what do they code for
functional RNA
what is functional RNA
RNA molecules other than mRNA which perform special tasks during protein synthesis
what is a genome
the complete set of genes in a cell
what is a proteome
full range of proteins that the cell is able to produce
what do the section of DNA called introns do
sections that don’t code for amino acids
what do the sections of DNA called exons do
all the bits of genes that code for amino acids
what are non-coding multiple repeats
don’t code for amino acids either
pair of homologous chromosomes diagram
pg203
what do eukaryotic cell contain
linear DNA molecules- thread like structures
why is DNA molecule wound up
so it can fit into the nucleus because it is very long
what are histones
proteins that the DNA molecule is wound around
how do you go from DNA in a eukaryote to a single chromosome
DNA wound around histone proteins then coiled up repeatedly to make a compact chromosome
