1A-factors affecting enzyme activity

Question 1

what happens to rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction when temperature increases

Answer 1

rate of enzyme-controlled reaction increases. more heat means more kinetic energy so molecules move faster making substrate molecules more likely to collide with enzyme’s active sites. energy of collision also increases meaning each collision most likely result in a reaction

Question 2

what happens if the temperature increases too much

Answer 2

reaction stops because rise in temperature makes enzyme molecules vibrate more and vibration breaks bonds that hold enzyme in shape. the active site changes shape and substrate no longer fits. enzyme is denatured

Question 3

enzyme optimum ph in humans

Answer 3

37 degrees C

Question 4

pH of enzymes in stomach

Answer 4

acidic

Question 5

what happens if the pH is too high or too low

Answer 5

the hydrogen and ionic bonds holding the enzyme’s tertiary structure together is distrupted- enzyme becomes denatured

Question 6

how does substrate concentration effect reaction

Answer 6

faster reaction because more substrate means collision between substrate and active site is more likely more active sites will be occupied until the saturation point

Question 7

hat is the saturation point of enzyme

Answer 7

the active sites are full

Question 8

what effects rate of concentration

Answer 8

pH, temperature, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration

Question 9

what is a competitive inhibitor

Answer 9

have similar shape to the substrate compete for the active site and bind to it to block the substrate

Question 10

what is a non-competitive inhibitor

Answer 10

they bind to enzyme away from the active site to cause the shape to change so substrate molecules won’t fit in.