4.9 Disorders of the Digestive System

Question 1

Disagonising tools (2)

Answer 1

1) Barium swallow
2) Endoscopy

Question 2

Barium swallow
-dose what
-for what

Answer 2

• patient swallows a small amount of barium
• x-rays are taken to check for places with no barium, which indicates blockages in digestive organs.

Question 3

Endoscopy
-does what
-for what
-2 types of endoscopy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJtAx5PQLas

Answer 3

• long flexible lighted tube with a camera is sent into the body for a live view of the inside of the digestive tract
• 1) UPPER GI endoscopy:
  (mouth → stomach)

2) LOWER GI endoscopy (colonoscopy):
(anus → stomach)

Question 4

Disorders (13)

Answer 4

1) DIARRHEA
2) CONSTIPATION:
3) LACTOSE INTOLERANCE:
4) CELIAC DISEASE:
5) IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS):
6) CHROHN’S DISEASE:
7) HIATUS HERNIA:
8) PEPTIC ULCER:
9) CIRRHOSIS:
10) DIVERTICULITIS
11) GALL STONES:
12) GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER:
13) Colorectal Cancer

Question 5

Causes of DIARRHEA (4)

Answer 5

• bacterial or viral infection
• spicy food,
• large quantities of alcohol, - ingestion of poisons or drugs

Question 6

Symptoms of Diarrhea (3)

Answer 6

• cramping,
• dehydration,
• swift passage of waste material through the large intestine

Question 7

Treatment of Diarrhea (2)

Answer 7

> most cases are NOT serious
- drinking clear liquids,
- if caused by a bacterial infection use antibiotics

Question 8

Causes of CONSTIPATION (6)

Answer 8

• irregular eating,
• spasms of large intestine,
• diabetes,
• lack of fibre,
• obstructions,
• overreabsorption of water

Question 9

Symptoms of Constipation (3)

Answer 9

• cramping,
• no defecation,
• pain when defecating

Question 10

Treatements of Constipination (4)

Answer 10

• laxatives,
• fibre,
• dietary and
• lifestyle changes

Question 11

Causes of LACTOSE INTOLERANCE (2)

Answer 11

• genetic mutation: causes deficiency in the amount of lactase in the small intestine making the sufferer unable to digest lactose;
• water imbalance

Question 12

Symptoms of Lactose Intolerance (2)

Answer 12

• cramping,
• diarrhea

Question 13

Treatements of Lactose Intolerance (1)

Answer 13

• taking lactase enzymes

Question 15

Marshall’s work
- when
- what study
- what causes the Ulcers and Gastritis?(2)
- what is gastritis?

Answer 15

• Barry James Marshall
  In 1984 Australian Doctor
• abdominal pain (Ulcers) was known to be caused by anxietry & spicy food.
• Dr.Marshall swallowed a bacterial liquid extracted from one patients’s stomach, proving bacteria is the cause.
  -less than 1 % is caused by execessive HCL acid.
• H. Pylori causes 80 % (causes gastritis)

Gastritis- stomach lining gets red and swollen (inflamed)