485 quizzes

Question 1

Transamination reactions require which vitamin as a cofactor?

Answer 1

B6

pyridoxial phosphate

Question 2

Leucine catabolism takes place mainly in cells of _________ tissue.

Answer 2

muscle

Question 3

Tryptophan serves as the precursor for formation of the neurotransmitter called

Answer 3

serotonin

Question 4

Post-translational hydroxylation of proline in the protein that forms collagen requires _________ as a cofactor

Answer 4

vitamin c

Question 5

During normal dietary conditions, protein nitrogen is lost from the body primarily in the form of _______.

Answer 5

urea

Question 6

The common name for the 16 carbon saturated fatty acid is ____________.

Answer 6

palmitate

Question 7

The common name for the 18 carbon saturated fatty acid is ____________.

Answer 7

stearate

Question 8

How many carbons are there in linoleic acid

Answer 8

18

Question 9

How many carbon atoms are there in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)?

Answer 9

22

Question 10

A fatty acid identified as 18:3 delta 9.12.15 is an n-____ fatty acid.

Answer 10

3

Question 11

True or false.

In humans, de novo lipogenesis (fatty acid synthesis) takes place mostly in adipose cells.

Answer 11

False

liver

Question 12

True or false.

The fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue is more similar to the composition of fatty acids synthesized in the body than to the composition of fatty acids in the diet

Answer 12

False

synthesized from the materials of the diet

Question 13

True or false.

The use of indirect calorimetry to assess the extent of de novo lipogenesis in humans indicates that de novo lipogenesis produces a fairly small amount of fatty acids after a meal high in carbohydrates

Answer 13

True

body does not perform lipogenesis that much

Question 14

True or false.

The de novo synthesis of saturated fatty acids in men has been estimated to be less than 1 gram per day, however synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids is much higher

Answer 14

False

body makes palmitate (saturated fatty acid)

Question 15

True or false.

Excess carbohydrate intake (above daily energy needs) will increase glycogen storage, but have little effect on the use of fat for fuel by the body.

Answer 15

False

Body will utilize less of the adipose stores of fat for energy. So excess carbs will decrease use of plasma fatty acids by the body for fuel.

Question 16

True or false

Glucose does not stimulate de novo lipogenesis in the liver as much as fructose does.

Answer 16

true

Question 17

The rate of de novo lipogenesis in humans is greater on a high carbohydrate diet than it is on a high fat diet.

Answer 17

true

Question 18

True or false

the oxidation of fatty acids requires carnitine to serve as a carrier of fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane.

Answer 18

true

carnitine shuttle transports fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane, into the mitochondrial space, where the enzymes that oxidize the fatty acids are.

Question 19

Ketosis occurs in individuals consuming very low carbohydrate diets because there is an inadequate supply of intermediates to form oxaloacetic acid, which results in high levels of acetyl CoA in the liver.

Answer 19

true

as ketone body production is a runoff pathway when the CAC is full. Without oxaloacetate (primer molecule of the CAC) there is no citrate formed, etc etc

Question 20

True or false.

The synthesis of fatty acids occurs in the cytoplasm using acetyl CoA units. However, acetyl CoA production occurs primarily in the mitochondria. These acetyl CoA units are transferred to the cytoplasm via citrate.

Answer 20

true

synthesis does occur in the cytoplasm.
due to excess CAC intermediate (oxaloacetate) can the acetyl CoA units leave as citrate.