48.4 neurotransmitters Flashcards
acetylcholine (50.5)
1) EPSP in MUSCLES
2) released in the synapse and binds to channels that let ions in that makes an action potential
3) AP travels through T tubule
4) lets in Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
5) Ca2+ binds to troponin and exposes myosin binding sites on actin
6) myosin binds and cross bridges form
7) myosin pulls z line in towards m line
8) muscle contracts
biogenic amines
AMINO ACID derived neurotransmitters
-(CNS-brain) affect sleep, mood, attention, learning
serotonin
a biogenic amine synthesized from tryptophan
catecholamines
biogenic amine
-derived from tyrosine
dopamine
a catecholamine that only acts as a NEUROTRANSMITTER ONLY
epinephrine and norepinephrine
catecholamines that act as both a NEUROTRANSMITTERs and as HORMONES
norepinephrine
- neurotransmitter/ hormone
- generates EPSPs in the autonomic nervous system (PNS)
amino acids
- gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
- glutamate
- glycine
- —work in vertebrate CNS
GABA
amino acid neurotransmitter
-make IPSPs by increasing permeability of postsynaptic membrane to Cl-
glutamate
amino acid neurotransmitter (brain)
-produces EPSPs
glycine
amino acid neurotransmitter
-IPSPs in CNS (outside of brain)
neuropeptides
- short chains of ammoniated neurotransmitters
- use Signal transduction pathways
- ——-substance P
- ——-endorphins
substance p
a neuropeptide
- EPSP
- pain reception
endorphins
neuropeptides
- -analgesics
- -decrease pain
Gases
- dissolved
- local regulators
- –nitrite side (NO)
- –carbon monoxide (CO)
