4.7.2.4 Carboxylic acids Flashcards
1
Q
What functional group do carboxylic acids have?
A
- COOH
2
Q
What are the festival members of the homogeneous series of carboxylic acids?
A
- Methanoic acid
- Ethanoic acid
- Propanoic acid
- Butanoic acid
3
Q
How can the structures of carboxylic acids be represented?
A
CH3COOH
or
H
H - C - C = O
H O - H
4
Q
Describe what happens when carboxylic acids react with metal carbonates.
A
- Carboxylic acid + Metal carbonate = Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide
- Ethanoic acid + Potassium carbonate = Potassium ethanoate + Water + Carbon dioxide
5
Q
Describe what happens when carboxylic acids react with water.
A
- Hydrogen bonds are formed between the individual molecules of the acid and water molecules
- It is because of these interactions that carboxylic acids can dissolve in water to form acidic solutions
6
Q
Describe what happens when carboxylic acids react with alcohols.
A
- Carboxylic acids react with alcohols, in the presence of an acid catalyst, to form esters. - This type of reaction is called esterification.
7
Q
Explain why carboxylic acids are weak acids in terms of ionisation and pH.
A
- They don’t fully ionise which means a carboxylic acids don’t all release their hydrogen ions
- Shown in equations like this:
(propanoic acid) =(equilibrium arrow)= (propanoate ion) + (hydrogen ion)
C2H5COOH =(equilibrium arrow)= C2H5COO- + H+
8
Q
How are carboxylic acids made?
A
- An alcohol is oxidised
