4.6.1.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Sexual and Asexual Reproduction Flashcards
1
Q
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?
A
- produces variation in offspring
- allows us to use selective breeding
2
Q
What does variation in offspring mean?
A
- if the environment changes, it is likely that an organism in the species will have a survival advantage
3
Q
What does variation do despite some deaths?
A
- decreases the chance of the whole species becoming extinct
4
Q
What does selective breeding do?
A
- organisms with desirable characteristics can be bred to produce an offspring witb more desirable characteristics
5
Q
What are advantages of asexual reproduction?
A
- only one parent is needed
- uses less energy and is faster as organisms don’t need to find mates
- in favourable conditions, lots of identical offspring can be produced
6
Q
What are examples of organisms that use sexual and asexual reproduction?
A
- malaria parasites
- some fungi
- some plants
7
Q
How do malaria parasites use both types of reproduction?
A
- they cause malaria which is spread by mosquitos and transferred to humans through a bite
- reproduce sexually in mosquito
- reproduce asexually in human host (liver and blood cells)
8
Q
How do some fungi use both types of reproduction?
A
- release spores in land and become new fungi
- spores produced asexually are genetically identical
- spores are produced sexually when conditions change to increase variation and avoid extinction
9
Q
How do some plants use both types of reproduction?
A
- many reproduce sexually using pollen, must reach egg cells I female parts of another flower, cwll3d pollination and forms seeds
- strawberry plants reproduce asexually as they produce runners, new identical plants grow off runner
- daffodils reproduce asexually, grow from bulbs, new bulbs can grow from main one and produce an identical plant
- it is advantageous as it means they can reproduce even if flowers have been destroyed by frost or other animals
