4.6 - The Great Debate

Question 1

behaviourism

Answer 1

• personality = behavioural patterns, between person structures + processes

Question 2

BF skinner

Answer 2

• operant conditioning
• reinforcement, punishment, behaviour modification
• emphasise role of consequences in shaping behaviour, skinner box

Question 3

Albert Bandura

Answer 3

• social learning theory
• observational learning, imitation, Bobo doll
• bridge gap btwn behaviourism + cognitive psychology, role of mental processes in learning, modeling to acquire new behaviours

Question 4

Walter Mishcel

Answer 4

• Marshmallow test
• delayed gratification, self-control
• behavioural is more situational, self-control predict long-term life outcomes

Question 5

interactionism

Answer 5

• cybernetic big five theory for personality psychology

Question 6

behaviour observation

Answer 6

• assessment of attribute manifestations
• interviews, observations,
  problem of replicability

Question 7

self-reports

Answer 7

• assessment of own or peers’ feelings, attitudes, beliefs
• personality tests, clinical interviews, surveys
• dishonesty + response bias, social desirability

Question 8

nomonological scoring

Answer 8

standardised questionnaires e.g. OCEAN

Question 9

idiographic scoring

Answer 9

judgement based evaluations, clinical, workplace, research

Question 10

validity

Answer 10

degree to which claim is correct or true –> IS IT MEASURING WHAT YOU THINK IT IS (internal validity
can results be generalised (external validity)

Question 11

reliability

Answer 11

• consistency/stable accuracy of measurement across time/context
• reliability necessary but not sufficient condition for validity

Question 12

problems with test results

Answer 12

• cultural test biases
• procedural biases (interviewer mood)
• faking (dishonesty)
• q framing biases

Question 13

psychobiological assessment

Answer 13

• measuring biological functions relating to personality
• fMRI, EEG, GSR, PET, blood tests, gene sequencing
• reductionist and impractical often

Question 14

neuroticism practical associations

Answer 14

• work performance negatively associated
• anxiety disorders positively associated

Question 15

intelligence associations

Answer 15

• oppenness to experience
• academic performance positively associated

Question 16

conscientiousness academic performance

Answer 16

• high in conscientiousnes = perform better as motivation increases
• lower in conscientiousness perform similarly regardless of motivation

Question 17

asscn btwn loneliness + frequency of touch

Answer 17

• less extraverted score lower on loneliness as frequency of touch increases, extraverted doesn’t matter

Question 18

narcissism + emotional eating

Answer 18

• narcissistic men less likely to emotionally eat
• little difference for women