4.5.3.4 Hormones in Human Reproduction Flashcards
What happens during puberty?
- reproductive hormones begin to be released
What does the production of reproductive hormones cause?
- secondary sex characteristics to develop
What is the main female reproductive hormone?
- oestrogen
Where is oestrogen produced?
- in the ovary
What happens at puberty to the eggs?
- begin to mature
- released approximately every 28 days (ovulation)
What is the main male reproductive hormone?
- testosterone
Where is testosterone produced?
- testes
What is the purpose of testosterone?
- stimulates sperm production
What is menstrual cycle?
- process the body undergoes each mother to prepare for a potential pregnancy
What does the menstrual cycle begin with?
- lining of the uterus breaking down
- woman having her period
What happens after a woman has her period?
- layer builds up again
- until ovulation (day 14)
What is ovulation?
- an egg being released from the ovary
- moves to uterus via fallopian tube
What happens if a fertilised egg has not been embedded?
- if not embedded after 28 days, begins to break down
- cycle continues
What four hormones is the menstrual cycle controlled by?
- follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- oestrogen
- luteinising hormone (LH)
- progesterone
What is the function of the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and where is it produced?
- causes maturation of an egg in the ovary, within a follicle
- produced in pituitary gland
- stimulates ovaries to produces oestrogen
What is the function of oestrogen and where is it produced?
- causes lining of uterus to grow again
- produced in ovaries
- secreted as a result of FSH
- stimulates production of LH and inhibits secretion of more FSH
What is the function of the luteinising hormone (LH) and where is it produced?
- produced in pituitary gland
- produced as a result of oestrogen
- release results in ovulation
What is the function of progesterone and where is it produced?
- produced in ovaries and secreted from egg follicle
- maintains lining of uterus
- supports pregnancy if egg is fertilised
- inhibits release of both FSH and LH
