45.3 endocrine and nervous coordination

Question 1

ecdysone

Answer 1

promotes each successive molt (insects)

Question 2

juvenile hormone

Answer 2

maintain larval characteristics (in insects)

-determines when to molt

Question 3

vertebrate integrating endocrine and nervous

Answer 3

hypothalamus

Question 4

signals from hypothalamus go to

Answer 4

pituitary gland

• posterior lobe - neurohypophysis =
• anterior lobe - adenohypophysis

Question 5

posterior lobe of pituitary gland

Answer 5

extension of hypothalamus

-stores and secretes 2 hormones by hypothalamus

Question 6

anterior lobe of pituitary gland

Answer 6

grows from the mouth, then loses connection with the mouth

-hypothalamus hormones regulate secretion of hormones by anterior pituitary

Question 7

posterior pituitary hormones

Answer 7

-2 neurohormones released:
(made in hypothalamus)
–oxytocin -milk release
–antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-regulate kidney function-increases water retention in kidney (decreased urine)

Question 8

oxytocin

Answer 8

• peptide
• regulate milk release in nursing

simple pathway::

1) stimulus (infant suckling) received by sensory neuron that reach the hypothalamus
2) nerve impulse from hypothalamus stimulates neurosecretory cell in posterior pituitary gland to secrete oxytocin (Neurohormone)
3) diffuses into blood to target cells
4) secrete milk
5) positive feedback (suckling=more milk=more suckling)

Question 9

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 9

AKA vasopressin
-helps regulate blood osmolarity
-regulate kidney function
-increase water retention in kidneys = decrease urine volume 
(more water uptake)

Question 10

anterior pituitary hormones

Answer 10

every anterior pituitary hormone is controlled by at least 1 releasing hormone
-releasing hormone promotes release of hormone by anterior pituitary gland

Question 11

hormone cascade pathway (anterior pituitary)

Answer 11

• hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and target endocrine gland are organized into hormone cascade pathway
• 1) signals to brain stimulate hypothalamus to secrete a hormone that stimulates of inhibits release of anterior pituitary hormone
  2) aphormone acts on target endocrine tissue
  3) stimulate secretion of another hormone
  4) affects metabolic/ development

Question 12

tropic hormones

Answer 12

a hormone that regulates the function of endocrine cells or glads
(release/inhibit another hormone)

• TSH, FSH, LH, and ACTH -hormones
• -gonadotropins - FSH and LH - regulate activities of testes and ovaries
• –ACTH- stimulates production and secretion of steroid hormones by adrenal cortex

Question 13

non tropic hormones

Answer 13

• PRL and MSH
• Prolactin:diversity of effects
• melanocyte stimulating hormone

Question 14

PRL prolactin

Answer 14

anterior pituitary hormone

• mammary gland growth
• milk synthesis
• fat metabolism
• reproduction (birds)
• delay metamorphosis (amphibians)
• salt/ water balance (freshwater fishes)

Question 15

MSH

Answer 15

regulates pigment containing cells

-inhibits hunger

Question 16

growth hormones

Answer 16

GH: anterior pituitary
-stimulate liver to release IGF-bone/cartilage growth

growth problems:

• hyper secretion= gigantism
• hypo secretion= dwarfism