45.1 Multiple Effects of Hormones Flashcards
1
Q
epinephrine multiple responses to hormone
A
1) liver cell
- glycogen break down and release
2) skeletal muscle
- vessel dilates -inactivates an enzymes
3) intestines
- smooth muscle contraction -restricted blood flow
2
Q
how do affects vary
A
- location
- type of target cell
- species difference
3
Q
local regulators
A
act on target cell quickly
- cytokines: polypeptide local regulator - immune responses
- Growth Factors: stimulate cell proliferation/differentiation
4
Q
Nitric oxide (NO)
A
local regulator/ neurotransmitter
- released when O2 levels fall
- activates enzyme that relaxes nearby smooth muscle making vasodilation (more blood flow to tissues)
- blood flow to the male part
5
Q
prostaglandins
A
modified fatty acids
- in semen
- when it reaches reproductive tract in female, it causes uterine wall to contract and let sperm get to egg easier
- in the immune system, promote fever, inflammation, and pain
aspirin stops inflammation and pain
by inhibiting prostaglandin production