4.5 Metallic bonding

Question 1

what type of bond is the metallic bond?

Answer 1

intramolecular bond

Question 2

describe metallic bonds’ strength and what it occurs to

Answer 2

• weakest type of intramolecular force
• occurs only between metals

Question 3

define metallic bonding

Answer 3

the electrostatic attraction between a regular lattice of positive ions and a sea of delocalized electrons

Question 4

what are the 2 factors that affects the strength of the metallic bond?

Answer 4

1. ionic charge
2. ionic radius

Question 5

why does ionic charge affect the strength of metallic bonds?

Answer 5

• as charge increases, the strength of the attraction between the positive ions and delocalised electrons increases
• therefore, metallic bond strength increases and mp and bp increases too

Question 6

why does ionic radius affect the strength of metallic bonds?

Answer 6

• as ionic radius decreases
• the attraction decreases as the nucleus of the positive ion is further from the delocalised electrons
• therefore, metallic bond decreases and mp and bp decreases too

Question 7

what are the 4 properties of metals?

Answer 7

1. they are shiny
2. they are conductive: the sea of electrons can move and carry charge
3. they are malleable
4. they are ductile = can be stretched out and made into a wire

Question 8

what are alloys?

Answer 8

when metals bond with one another, completely changing their properties

Question 9

what is the difference between metals and alloys?

Answer 9

• alloys are stronger and stiffer than their individual elements
• due to the fact that the 2 elements have differently sized positive ions
• this disrupts the lattice structure
• preventing planes from sliding over one another

Question 10

name the 2 elements that make up steel

Answer 10

iron (Fe) + carbon (C)

Question 11

name the 3 elements that make up stainless steel

Answer 11

iron (Fe) + carbon (C) + chromium (Cr)

Question 12

name the 2 elements that make up bronze

Answer 12

copper (Cu) + Tin (Sn)

Question 13

name the 2 elements that make up brass

Answer 13

Copper (Cu) + Zinc (Zn)