4.5&4.9 Flashcards
4.5, 4.7-4.9
What are the four factors that effect climate
- Uneven heating of Earth’s surface
- Rotation of Earth on its axis
- Air and water currents/circulation
- Interactions of air, land, & water
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What are the four air masses
Continental Polar cP
Continental tropical cT
Maritime Polar mP
Maritime Tropical mT
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What are the traits of cP
cold, dry air mass
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What are the traits of mP
cold, moist air mass
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What are the traits of cT
warm dry air mass
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What are the traits of mT
warm moist air mass
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What are the types of cell
Hadley cell ( 0-30 n&s)
Ferrel cell (30-60 n&s)
Polar cell (60-90 n&s)
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Air Properties
1) Warm air rises
2) Rising air cools and expands
3) Rising air can’t cool anymore
4) Cool air sinks
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Coriolis Effect
Objects moving in a straight path on an object rotating at a constant speed appear to be deflected to one side of their path
makes trading winds, eastertics and westerlics
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Low pressure leads to
warmer temptures
0 degress
60 degrees are both low pressure
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Whats a Rainshadow
Warm air is found near the shoreside but the other side is arid because the moutain disrupts the air flow
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Upwelling Zones
Areas of ocean where winds blow warm surface water away from a land mass, drawing up colder, deeper water to replace it
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Gyers
large ocean circ. patterns due to global wind
north hem: clockwise
south hem: counter clockwise
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Thermohaline Circulation
Connects all of the world’s oceans, mixing salt, nutrients, and temperature throughout
N hem is warm
S hem is cold
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El Niño
- Trade winds weaken, then reverse (W → E)
- decreased Upwelling ->less productive fisheries
- Cool drier in Australia while warmer winters in N. America
