44.1 marine adaptations: salt water

Question 1

most marine invertebrates are

Answer 1

osmoconformers

Question 2

what do osmoconformers need to regulate

Answer 2

specific concentrations of different solutes

Question 3

marine vertebrates and some marine invertebrates are

Answer 3

osmoregulators

Question 4

what do osmoregulators need to regulate

Answer 4

water dehydration

Question 5

example of osmoregulator regulation: cod and bony fish

Answer 5

-cod and other fishes drink lots of water and then use the kidneys and gills to rid the salts

• the gills have chloride cells that transport Cl- out and Na+ passively transport out
• kidneys excrete Calcium,Magnesium, Sulfate

Question 6

example of osmoregulator regulation: sharks and cartilaginous animals

Answer 6

• considered an osmoconformer
• have the sameish concentrations of solute in their tissues since they have high concentrations of urea (nitrogenous waste) in their tissue
• trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) protects the proteins from damage by the urea
• together, the urea and TMAO makes osmolarity similar to external
• water actually enters sharks and they dispose of it in urine and the rectal gland