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Microbiology Exam 4 > 44 - STDs II - Bacterial Infections > Flashcards

44 - STDs II - Bacterial Infections Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Treponema pallidum features

A

Gram-negative spirochete
Motile

Microaerophilic

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2
Q

Spirochete structure

A

“Gram-negative cytology
Flexible, peptidoglycan cell wall

Cell wall covered by an outer bilayered membrane”

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3
Q

T. pallidum disease

A

Syphillis

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4
Q

T. pallidum diagnosis

A

“Unable to observe with LM
Gram or Giemsa stain

Ab detection/serology most common method”

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5
Q

Five kinds of syphillis

A

“Primary
Secondary

Latent

Tertiary

Congenital”

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6
Q

Primary syphillis

A

“One or more painLESS skin lesions (chancres) at site of spirochete penetration
Inflammation”

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7
Q

Secondary syphillis

A

“Disseminated disease
Flulike syndrome

Prominent skin lesions (including palms and soles)

Condyloma lata”

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8
Q

Condyloma lata

A

Raised lesions that may occur in skin folds

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9
Q

Latent syphilis

A

“Asymptomatic period

Transmission possible from relapsing secondary lesions”

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10
Q

Tertiary syphilis

A

“Diffuse, chronic inflammation
Destruction of any tissue or organ

Granulomatous lesions (gummas)”

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11
Q

Congenital syphilis

A

“Transmission from mother to fetus
Presentation is similar to secondary syphilis in adult (rhinitis, maculopapular rash, late condyloma)

Teeth and bone malformation, blindness/deafness”

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12
Q

Microbes that can pass from mother to fetus

A

“ToRCHeS
Toxoplasma gondii

Rubella

CMV

HIV

HSV

Syphilis”

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13
Q

Syphilis serology

A

“Nontreponemal tests
Treponemal tests

Darkfield microscopy”

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14
Q

Nontreponemal test for syphilis serology

A

“Measures Ab against cardiolipin
Rapid plasma Reagin (RPR)

Venereal Disease Research Lab (VDRL)”

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15
Q

Treponemal test for syphilis serology

A

“Detect Ab specific to T. pallidum
FTA-ABS

MHA-TP”

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16
Q

Syphilis treatment and prevention

A

“Penicillin (doxycycline or azithromycin if allergic to penicillin)
Safe sex”

17
Q

Most common cause of NGU

A

“Chlamydia

(Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum thought to contribute)”

18
Q

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma features

A

“Smallest free-living bacteria
NO cell wall

Not stained with common methods

Pleomorphic

PM contains sterols

Extracellular”

19
Q

M. genitalium

A

“NGU in males/PID in females

RESIST doxycycline, but azithromycin is effective”

20
Q

M. hominis

A

“PID

Resists erythromycin, but doxycycline is effective”

21
Q

Ureaplasma

A

Common cause of NGU in males, generally in those who are sexually active

22
Q

Ureaplasma treatment

A

“Treated with doxycyline (also effective against Chlamydia)

If recurrent and doxycycline not helping, azithromycin or quinolones can be used”

23
Q

Haemophilus features

A

“Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacillus
Facultative anaerobe

Catalase +

Fastidious (require X factor = hemin and V factor = NAD)”

24
Q

Haemophilis ducreyi symptoms

A

“Tender papule that becomes painful

Inguinal lymphadenopathy”

25
Q

H. ducreyi diagnosis and treatment

A

“Syphilis and HIV must be excluded

Macrolide”

26
Q

Klebsiella granulomatis disease

A

Donovanosis or Granuloma inguinale

27
Q

K. granulomatis features

A

Gram-negative rod, intracellular, encapsulated

28
Q

K. granulomatis symptoms

A

“Wartlike primary lesions

Lesions are painless, but easily bleed”

29
Q

K. granulomatis diagnosis

A

“Rule out other causes

Presence of Donovan bodies”

30
Q

K. granulomatis treatment

A

Prolonged use of tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, or erythromycin

31
Q

Painful, non-indurated lesion with Hx of recent travel

A

Chancroid

32
Q

Painless, indurated lesion, no travel Hx

A

Syphilis

33
Q

Painless, wartlike, indurated lesion that bleeds easily with Hx of recent travel

A

Donovanosis

Microbiology Exam 4 (4 decks)

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