43 - STDs I - Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Flashcards

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1
Q

Most common Chlamydia infection

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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2
Q

Chlamydia and Chlamydophila features

A

Small cocci
Obligate intracellular pathogen
Gram-negative-like wall (NO peptidoglycan)

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3
Q

Chlamydia forms

A

Elementary body

Reticulate body

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4
Q

Chlamydia elementary body features

A

Rigid cell wall
Infectious

Extracellular survival

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5
Q

Chlamydia reticulate body features

A

Fragile cell wall
Non-infectious

Intracellular growth

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6
Q

Clinical presentation for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Eye infections

UG infections

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7
Q

C. trachomatis diseases

A

Trachoma
Inclusion conjunctivitis

STI/UG infections

LGV

Infant pneumonia

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8
Q

C. trachomatis serovars

A

Many, based on Ag differences in MOMP

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9
Q

C. trachomatis serovars that cause trachoma

A

A, B, Ba, C

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10
Q

C. trachomatis serovars that cause UG tract disease

A

D-K

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11
Q

C. trachomatis serovars that cause LGV

A

L1, L2, L2a, L2b, L3

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12
Q

What is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world?

A

Chronic Chlamydia conjunctivitis

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13
Q

What is the most common STD in the U.S.?

A

C. trachomatis

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14
Q

C. trachomatis UG infections in men

A

Symptomatic
Dysuria

Mucopurulent discharge

May progress to Reiter syndrome

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15
Q

Reiter syndrome

A

Urethritis
Conjunctivitis

Polyarthritis

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16
Q

C. trachomatis UG infections in women

A

Mostly asymptomatic
Mucopurulent discharge

PID

17
Q

LGV symptoms

A

Painless lesion
Inguinal lymphadenopathy

Proctitis

18
Q

C. trachomatis diagnosis

A

Iodine staining for RBs
Immunofluorescence of EBs

NAAT from urine/urethral discharge

19
Q

C. trachomatis treatment and prevention

A

Doxycycline or macrolides

Infection does NOT confer immunity

20
Q

Mechanism of action for macrolides and doxycycline

A

Inhibition of protein synthesis

21
Q

Neisseria features

A

Gram-negative
Diplococci

Oxidase +

Catalase +

Non-spore forming

Non-motile

22
Q

Differences between N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae

A

N. meningitidis oxidized maltose

23
Q

N. gonorrhoeae virulence factors

A

Pilin
Porin

Opa protein

LOS

Outer membrane blebs

IgA1 protease

Beta-lactamase

24
Q

Porin function

A

Promote intracellular survival

25
Q

Opa protein function

A

Attachment to eukaryotic cells

26
Q

LOS function

A

Lipid A
Core oligosaccharide

NO O Ag

Endotoxin

27
Q

Outer membrane blebs function

A

Contains LOS and proteins
Enhance toxicity

Absorb Abs

28
Q

Pathogenesis of N. gonorrhoeae

A

Attach to mucosal cells
Multiply within cells

Establish infection in subepithelial space

LOS stimulates inflammation

29
Q

Gonorrhea disease in both men and women

A

Mucopurulent discharge

Dysuria

30
Q

Gonorrhea disease in men

A

Almost always have acute symptoms

Epididymitis, prostatitis, periurethral abscesses

31
Q

Gonorrhea disease in women

A

Only about half are symptomatic
Salpingitis

Tuboovarian abscesses

PID

32
Q

Gonococcemia

A

Disseminated N. gonorrhoeae disease
Septicemia and infection of skin and joints

Purulent arthritis

33
Q

N. gonorrhoeae diseases

A

Purulent conjunctivitis
Anorectal gonorrhea

Pharyngitis

34
Q

N. gonorrhoeae diagnosis

A

Gram-negative, d iplococci IN neutrophils
Culture

NAAT

35
Q

N. gonorrhoeae treatment and prevention

A

Ceftriaxone (gonorrhea) PLUS doxycycline or macrolide (chlamydia - assumed)
Patient education/condoms